Basic knowledge about hemorrhoids

The article is written by MSc Nguyen Thai Binh - Gastroenterologist - General Surgery Department - Vinmec Ha Long International General Hospital.

Hemorrhoids are normal anatomical structures, essentially a plexus of hemorrhoids located under the mucosa (internal hemorrhoids) or under the skin (external hemorrhoids) in the lower rectum and anus, so everyone can hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are caused by excessive dilatation of the hemorrhoidal plexus.
Hemorrhoids mainly have 3 types: Internal and external hemorrhoids
Internal hemorrhoids: Usually arise in the submucosal space, above the dentate line, originating from the internal hemorrhoid plexus. External hemorrhoids: Located under the skin, below the dentate line, from the external hemorrhoid plexus (lower rectal vessels). Mixed hemorrhoids: Formed by the combination of internal and external hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are formed by tangled venous plexuses and look like a small lump of flesh.

Constipation: Pushing will increase pressure on the veins causing dilation and blood stasis, increasing the risk of hemorrhoids. Unreasonable diet such as: Lack of fiber, high in fat, eating a lot of hot spicy foods, abuse of stimulants.

Overweight and obese people. Sitting for too long, or exercising too hard, carrying heavy loads puts pressure on the anus and rectum area. In addition, pregnant and postpartum women are at risk of hemorrhoids due to the weight of the fetus on the abdomen or pressure during childbirth.

Here are the 4 most common symptoms of hemorrhoids including:
Blood in the stool, usually bright red blood, dripping, urticaria is a characteristic symptom of internal hemorrhoids. There is a feeling of heaviness in the anus, and/or straining. Anal burning pain: This feeling can only peak during and after going to the toilet, or it can be dull throughout the day, especially when sitting, significantly affecting the patient's daily activities. . Going out to see hemorrhoids prolapsed outside the anus: Hemorrhoids prolapsed of grade 1, 2 are usually less troublesome, but from grade 3 onwards, patients feel uncomfortable when walking, standing and doing heavy work, meanwhile, hemorrhoids Grade 4 sarcoidosis makes the patient extremely uncomfortable in daily activities. The symptoms of hemorrhoids mentioned above all appear in the early stages of hemorrhoids but are also easy to be confused with other diseases in the anus. When detecting the above symptoms, patients should not subjectively buy drugs to treat themselves, but should immediately go to reputable medical facilities for timely examination and diagnosis.

Usually, people with internal hemorrhoids of grade 2 or less, external hemorrhoids, and small mixed hemorrhoids do not necessarily need surgery and can be treated with medication.
When hemorrhoids are grade 3 or higher, have large hemorrhoids, thrombosed hemorrhoids cause acute strangulation, hemorrhoids mixed with large external hemorrhoids cause bleeding and pain, then it is recommended to perform tuftectomy. interventional hemorrhoids.
Currently, Longo surgery to cut hemorrhoids is evaluated as one of the most promising hemorrhoid treatment methods. The method has outstanding advantages such as: short hospital stay, reduced postoperative pain.
To reduce complications of hemorrhoid surgery, bring long-term effectiveness and prevent recurrence, patients should perform at reputable hospitals, doctors with high professional qualifications.
Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the leading hospitals in the treatment of hemorrhoids. Recently, Vinmec Vinmec Hospital has successfully treated many cases of severe and complicated hemorrhoids. The Longo surgical approach is a routine hospital procedure. When performing Longo surgery at Vinmec, there are many advantages such as:
Complete intervention in the anal-rectal canal, so, especially in postoperative pain, the patient has no wound outside the anus, Post-operative care is easy. Therefore, patients quickly return to normal activities.. After surgery, patients only need to use oral pain relievers. Performed by a team of experienced doctors, well versed in each surgical step; Full splicing machines of famous brands from the US (Covidien, Johnson & Johnson); The level of anesthesia, anesthesia and analgesia after surgery is very good, which will help patients be most satisfied when performing surgery here. In addition, at Vinmec, it is also prominent with comprehensive and professional medical examination, consulting and treatment services; The medical examination and treatment space is civilized, polite, safe and maximally sterilized, helping patients to have a comfortable and cool space like at home, improving the effectiveness of treatment.