Common types of gastric epithelial polyps

Article written by Master, Doctor Mai Vien Phuong - Gastrointestinal endoscopist - Department of Examination & Internal Medicine - Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital

Some of the symptoms of stomach polyps include:
Stomach pain Abdominal pain or pain when pressing the abdomen Nausea and vomiting Blood in urine Indigestion.

Gastric epithelial polyps include: Basal glandular polyps (FGP), hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps. Other less common epithelial lesions that may present as polyps include neuroendocrine tumors, ectopic pancreatic tissue, and pyloric adenomas.

2.1 Basal gland polyps Common in women aged 40 - 70 years, can be one or more polyps. Endoscopic image: polyp in gastric aneurysm or body, size 2-3mm.
2.2 Familial polyposis syndrome Familial polyposis syndrome is an inherited dominant syndrome caused by mutations in the APC gene. The incidence is 1 in 10,000 to 15,000 births. Symptoms: Blood in the stool, diarrhea. If untreated, the disease will progress to colon cancer, the age of colon cancer is from 34 to 43.
2.3 Hyperplastic polyp Hyperplastic polyp is the second most common type of gastric polyp after FGP, accounting for 74-79% in gastric polyps. Hyperplastic polyps are usually sessile or pedunculated, less than 2 cm in diameter, and often present in the chorion.
Gastric hyperplastic polyps are strongly associated with inflammatory disorders such as chronic gastritis, H pylori gastritis, pernicious anemia, and reactive or chemical gastritis. Therefore, a biopsy of the basal adipose tissue is required to identify any etiological factors.
Test for H pylori is required. Monitoring with a single repeat endoscopy after 1 year is recommended.
2.4 Gastric adenomatous polyps Make up 7-10% of gastric polyps. This is considered a precancerous lesion. Common in areas with atrophic mucositis.
Endoscopic image: Polyps are located anywhere, often found in the antrum. Size from a few millimeters to several centimeters, when small, smooth surface when large, cauliflower-like surface, often stemless.

Because of the increased risk of malignancy associated with these polyps, recommendations include: Complete resection of the tumor, further examination of the entire gastric mucosa for abnormalities, all of which should be biopsied. . In addition, follow-up endoscopically after resection 6 months (for incomplete polyps or high-grade dysplasia) or 1 year (for all other polyps).
Surgical resection should be considered for gastric adenomas that cannot be resected laparoscopically. However, it should be noted that the most effective and optimal surveillance protocol for adenomatous polyps has not yet been established.
To prevent stomach cancer, people need to have regular screening and health check-up, especially for those at risk such as:
Male/Female, > 18 years old should have regular check-ups to screen for disease. management of esophageal-stomach cancer. Customers at high risk of cancer – especially customers with a family history of cancer such as esophageal and stomach cancer or regularly exposed to risk factors such as eating habits salty and sour foods, smoking regularly, working in a polluted environment... Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the hospitals that not only ensures professional quality with a team of doctors, medical staff, system modern equipment and technology system, but also outstanding with comprehensive and professional medical examination, consultation and treatment services; civilized, polite, safe and sterile medical examination and treatment space. Customers who choose to perform tests and treat diseases here can be completely assured of the accuracy and high efficiency in the treatment process.

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