What is Muscarin syndrome in patients with acute organophosphate toxicity?

Question
Hello doctor,
The doctor asked me what is Muscarin syndrome in patients with acute organophosphate poisoning? What are the common symptoms, doctor? Thank you doctor.
Anonymous customer
Answer
Answered by Master, Doctor Vu Hoang Huy - Emergency Department, Vinmec Times City International General Hospital.
Hello,
With the question “What is Muscarin syndrome in patients with acute organophosphate toxicity? ”, the doctor would like to answer as follows:
Organophosphorus insecticides (PHCs) are compounds consisting of carbon and phosphoric acid radicals. There are thousands of organophosphorus compounds born but still based on a common chemical formula. Organophosphate compounds, when entering the body, will bind to AChE leading to phosphorylation and inactivation of AChE. As a result, acetylcholine accumulates and continuously stimulates postsynaptic receptors causing hypercholinergic syndrome which is the main symptom of organophosphate toxicity.
Patients after being exposed to organophosphorus pesticides have symptoms of acute hypercholinergic syndrome (including 1 of 3 syndromes: Muscarin, Nicotine, central nervous system).
Diagnosis of Muscarin syndrome (M):
Pale skin. The pupil is smaller than 2mm. Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Increased secretions and bronchospasm: Manifested by feeling of shortness of breath, chest tightness, and moist rales, snoring, hissing in the lungs. Bradycardia less than 60 beats/min. Diagnosis of Nicotine syndrome (N):
Spontaneous or post-percussion of the deltoid muscles, pectoral muscles, calf muscles. Muscle spasticity or paralysis. Tendon reflex: Increased sensitivity. Diagnosis of CNS disease syndrome:
There is a disturbance of consciousness. Glasgow score decreased. Convulsions. When organophosphate poisoning early stage often manifests symptoms in Muscarin syndrome: pale skin, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, increased secretions and bronchospasm, .....If not promptly developed Early detection and treatment of patients can worsen respiratory failure, convulsions and coma, death if not treated promptly or severe poisoning.
If a family member or patient is suspected of pesticide poisoning, it is necessary to quickly remove the poison from the body and quickly take it to a medical facility with an emergency resuscitation center and/or a medical center. Poison control.
If you still have questions about organic phosphorus poisoning, you can go to a hospital under Vinmec Health System for further examination and advice. Thank you for trusting and sending questions to Vinmec. Wishing you lots of health.
Best regards!