Adrenal myeloma dangerous?

Pheochromocytoma often causes a sudden spike in blood pressure, which, if left unchecked, can lead to life-threatening complications.

The adrenal gland is an important endocrine gland in the body located at the upper pole of the kidney. The adrenal glands include the outer adrenal cortex and the inner adrenal medulla. The adrenal medulla is the main site of the production of catecholamines that play a role in increasing the activity of the cardiovascular system.
Adrenal myeloma is a rare tumor of the adrenal gland. At that time, the adrenal glands secrete a hormone called epinephrine or other similar substances that cause conditions such as: Heart palpitations, headaches, and sweating. Adrenal medullomas account for part of the causes of high blood pressure. Currently, researchers have not found a specific cause of adrenal myeloma. However, research has shown that pheochromocytoma can result from tumor-forming adrenal medullary gland hyperplasia, or from developing catecholamine-secreting tumors outside the adrenal glands (tumors from the carotid artery). , ganglion tumors originating from the postganglionic sympathetic nervous system, tumors in the bladder).
The disease is not usually related to genetic factors, but about 10% - 15% have endocrine tumor disorders in the family.
Adrenal myeloma occurs more often in people with other medical disorders such as:
Von Hippel-Lindau disease: The disease causes tumors to appear in many places on the body, usually in the central nervous system. Central nervous system, endocrine glands, pancreas, and kidneys Neurofibromatosis type 1: The disease causes multiple tumors of the skin, hyperpigmentation spots on the skin, and tumors in the optic nerve Parasympathetic ganglionoma Heredity: Causes tumors in the adrenal medulla and parasympathetic ganglia Polyendocrine neoplasms: This is a disease that causes the growth of endocrine gland tumors in many parts of the body. Common sites for tumor growth are the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, lips, tongue, and gastrointestinal tract.

Hypertension due to adrenal myeloma usually occurs suddenly, lasts about 1 hour before returning to normal, and is difficult to control with conventional antihypertensive drugs. There are several risk factors that make high blood pressure more likely to flare up in people with pheochromocytoma such as:
When emotions are angry Surgical anesthesia, even some activities can be stimulated by creating pressure on the tumor such as a sudden change in position Working or exercising strenuously Pregnancy Eat foods rich in tyramine (a substance that regulates blood pressure) such as beer, wine, processed fish In addition, uncontrolled high blood pressure in adrenal myeloma can cause many dangerous complications such as heart failure, stroke, etc. stroke, renal failure, acute pulmonary edema, fundus damage, and premature death.

Adrenal myeloma often leads to episodes of paroxysmal hypertension. Manifestations by:
Severe headache Tachycardia Tachycardia Body sweat a lot, can't stand the heat Trembling legs, hands Pale face, fear When measuring blood pressure very high, Blurred vision, dizziness when standing Double pain fat side Eating poorly leads to weight loss Mood changes and feeling tired often. Attacks occur sporadically weekly or monthly with only one attack, later appearing more and more severe. Exacerbations usually occur suddenly, each lasting a few minutes, sometimes for hours or longer, can also occur when the patient changes position, or presses the abdomen, bends, takes deep breaths many times. , twist your back,...

4.1. Treatment of adrenal myeloma More than 90% of cases of adrenal myeloma, if detected early, can be completely cured by surgical removal of the tumor.
Before surgery, the patient will be medically treated with alpha sympathomimetic drugs to stabilize blood pressure before surgery.
In the treatment of adrenal myeloma, drugs are used to control blood pressure. Of these, alpha sympathomimetic drugs are the first choice.
After surgery there can be complications such as bleeding, infection, ... however this happens very rarely.
4.2. Prevention of adrenal myeloma Adrenal myeloma is like other endocrine diseases. To prevent the disease, it is important to:
Need to build a healthy, scientific diet and lifestyle If in the family If a family member has an endocrine tumor, all members should be screened by laboratory tests. When seeing blurred vision, severe headache, weakness in half of the body, chest pain, increased heart rate , swollen ankles, shortness of breath, weakness in the body and dizziness when standing up should go to the hospital soon. Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the hospitals that not only ensures professional quality with a team of leading doctors, modern equipment and technology, but also stands out for its examination and consulting services. and comprehensive, professional medical treatment; civilized, polite, safe and sterile medical examination and treatment space.