Anesthesia surgery for umbilical hernia, open abdominal wall

The article was professionally consulted by an Anesthesiologist - General Surgery Department - Vinmec Nha Trang International General Hospital.

Umbilical hernia surgery aims to quickly return the bulge to the correct position and strengthen the abdominal wall. However, surgery for umbilical hernia is not always indicated. In some cases, an umbilical hernia – an opening in the abdominal wall can go away on its own. Especially, for the group of infants before 12 months of age, the majority of hernias will close on their own without treatment.
Indications for surgery will usually be applied when:
There is a hernia development after the baby is 1-2 years old. Hernia mass persisted until the child was 4 years old. There is bowel inside the hernia sac and causing decreased motility or obstruction of the bowel. Hernia block... For adults, surgery is more indicated to prevent potential risks, especially for cases where the hernia begins to develop and cause pain.

Any surgery comes with certain risks. For surgical treatment of umbilical hernia and abdominal wall opening, complications may occur during anesthesia, continuous bleeding or hematoma formation. Along with that, specific complications of surgery:
Organs in the abdominal cavity are damaged. Cut off the navel. Appearance of a protrusion above the incision... To reduce these risks, patients should work with their doctor and strictly follow the instructions for preparing for surgery, including fasting/discontinuation of use. medicine...

Surgery is usually started with endotracheal anesthesia. After the anesthesia is complete and the patient is stable, the surgeon will make an incision below the navel. The lining of the abdomen will protrude beyond the muscle layer and be isolated. It is this location that is the “hernia sac”. Accordingly, the doctors will manipulate to bring this hernia bag back to the correct position.
If the incision is small, it can be sutured and the stitches will be permanent to limit future recurrence of the hernia sac.
If the defect is large, the doctors will use a mesh graft to cover the holes in the muscle. The mesh will prevent the re-occurrence of the hernia. Surgery for umbilical hernia and abdominal wall opening usually takes about 30 minutes.

The technique of anesthesia for umbilical hernia surgery is endotracheal anesthesia. This technique will give you general anesthesia during the surgery. Along with that, endotracheal intubation will help control the patient's breathing. Patients will be controlled anesthesia, pain, muscle relaxation ... by different drugs.
Before performing anesthesia, the patient needs to:
Have a pre-anesthesia visit a few days before to advise on the method of anesthesia, the benefits as well as the risks and complications of each method, control factors risk and prevention of complications during anesthesia. Persuade the patient to cooperate (for children). Assess the patient for difficult intubation. In case of need, patients can use sedatives from the evening before surgery. 4.1. Some drugs used during anesthesia The anesthetic process needs support from drugs that affect nerves such as:
Sleeping pills: including intravenous anesthetics, volatile anesthetics... pain . Muscle relaxants... If the patient has a reaction to any of the above drugs, it is necessary to inform the doctor to choose an alternative medicine.

4.2. Intubation Anesthesia Techniques Oral intubation. Intubation through the nose. 4.3. How to maintain passion? To ensure that the patient remains in an anaesthetic state during surgery, nurses/anaesthetists need to maintain this process with intravenous/evaporative anesthetics, muscle relaxants, and analgesics. .. used before.
In addition, to keep patients safe, doctors need to control the breathing process with an anesthetic machine with parameters suitable for each patient.

This is a minor surgery, so the patient can go home the day after surgery. Most patients can return to normal activities 2 to 4 weeks after surgery. During the first week, the abdomen will feel bloated. The incision also needs to be protected during this time. In addition, some of the following activities can promote recovery:
Increase mobility. Exercise regularly and regularly. However, you need to consult with your doctor in advance about the level of exercise so as not to affect the incision. In general, surgery for umbilical hernia - opening of the abdominal wall is a type of minor surgery that is not too complicated. However, some patients may experience complications from surgery. To minimize this risk, patients should carefully follow the preparation instructions from the doctor, especially before anesthesia for umbilical hernia surgery.
In order to minimize complications during and after surgery, Vinmec International Hospital has put a system of modern machinery, equipment and standard surgical anesthetics into examination work. , diagnosis, anesthesia and treatment of diseases. With a team of qualified, well-trained medical doctors, it will bring optimal treatment efficiency, minimize complications when examining and treating customers.