Causes of benign adrenal tumors

Adrenal adenoma is a rare tumor that develops inside the adrenal gland. In this case, this tumor secretes too much hormone that will damage the organs and endanger the patient's health.

The vast majority of benign adrenal tumors are "inactive," meaning they don't produce hormones and usually don't cause any symptoms.
Tumors are often found when a person has an accidental ultrasound for another medical condition or for a routine physical exam. However, some can go into an "active" state and produce excess hormones. Depending on the type of hormone released, adrenal tumors can cause a variety of conditions, including Cushing's syndrome, primary hyperaldosteronism, or, less commonly, virilization.
Currently, doctors still don't know what causes benign adrenal adenoma, but if you have the following factors, you are more likely to develop this condition:
Familial adenomatous polyposis ). This is a rare condition, characterized by hundreds or even thousands of noncancerous polyps in the large intestine and upper respiratory tract. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 1). In this rare genetic disorder, noncancerous tumors form in the endocrine system - which is a network of glands that produce and release hormones that help control many important functions in the body.

Most adrenal gland tumors are not hereditary. They often occur in patients who do not have kidney tumors. However, in rare cases, benign adrenal adenomas can occur in people with certain genetic syndromes such as familial polyposis syndrome and type 1 multiple endocrine neoplasia. Both diseases are inherited by a dominant gene.

The long-term prognosis of patients with adenomas of the adrenal gland is usually very positive. Although active and hormone-releasing adrenal tumors cause problems such as primary hyperaldosteronism and Cushing's syndrome, these conditions often respond well to drug or surgical treatment. A non-functioning adrenal tumor usually doesn't cause any problems and rarely requires treatment.
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Articles referenced sources: Webmd.com and Mayoclinic.org
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