Hot abscess due to myositis methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) - Part 2

The article was written by Doctor of Laboratory Department - Vinmec Da Nang International General Hospital.

Hot abscess is a localized foci following an acute infection, an inflammatory lesion leading to a rhabdomyolysis created by subcutaneous infiltration of the pus-producing bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is particularly common. Occurs after an infected injury, boil, infected incision or an inflammation.

1.1 Treatment In the disseminated stage, with proper antibiotic treatment, it can be cured in a few days.
In the stage of pus collection:
+ Combine aspiration to drain pus or surgically drain pus (stages 2, 3). Incision of the abscess to remove pus and use antibiotics, the incision will heal after 5-7 days.
+ If the abscess is not surgically removed, the abscess may rupture on its own and leak pus for a long time, or may cause local complications such as acute lymphadenitis, purulent lymphadenitis or systemic complications such as infection. , septicemia can lead to death.
When microbiological results are not available, choose an empiric antibiotic based on the clinical picture. The antibiotic used first should be directed towards Staphylococcus aureus. If methicillin-resistant staphylococci are suspected, consider vancomycin.
Treating symptoms and improving health

1.2 Nursing care to monitor the temperature, if the patient's fever is too high, apply a cool compress and give heat-reducing medicine as ordered, the temperature should be recorded on a chart to monitor the nurse to assess the pain level in the patient. Posture to relieve pain, administer pain medication and monitor drug effects To relieve pain for the patient:
Finding the right position is also very important Avoid frequent visits, avoid pressing on the abscess. Antibiotics as ordered, administer antibiotics on time, at the right dose, and monitor the progress of the disease Help the doctor make an incision of the infection, when making the incision, there should be a culture to help treat antibiotics according to the antibiotic chart Help the patient find a position to relieve pain after Make an incision, avoid pressing or dressing too tightly on the wound area. Change the dressing to be performed twice a day or can be continuously dripped to wash the wound. Clean thoroughly to avoid infection from the outside in, especially the surrounding skin. While changing the nursing dressing, it is necessary to observe and assess the wound condition to help the doctor give appropriate treatment. Drainage should be monitored for the amount, color, and nature of the fluid regularly. sick people around

2.1 Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus)

Staphylococcus aureus is commonly found on the skin or in the nose of about a third of the population in the community. Staphylococcus aureus is generally harmless. Many people carry staph bacteria without ever developing an infection.
When staphylococcus aureus enters the body through a cut or other wound it causes infections, which usually cause only minor skin problems in healthy people. However, if you have a staph infection, it's likely caused by strains of staph that were living in your body a long time ago.
Staphylococcus aureus can also be transmitted from person to person. Because staph bacteria are so hardy, they can live on items like pillows or towels long enough to be passed on to the next person who touches them, and can survive in high-temperature environments, unharmed by salt. .
On some special subjects such as immunocompromised, long-term hospital stay, ... Staphylococcus aureus from outside the skin and inside the body, leading to infection in some organs, causing multiple systems. complications and difficult treatment because staphylococcus aureus is resistant to many antibiotics.
Staphylococcus aureus is caused by a bacteria that is resistant to many antibiotics, so they are difficult to treat and can sometimes be life-threatening.
2.2 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a global health problem and a treatment challenge. is a human pathogen of concern that can lead to a variety of conditions from relatively mild skin infections to severe life-threatening infections such as endocarditis, pneumonia, and sepsis.
Resistance to beta-lactams of MRSA is caused by a genetic predisposition. As a result, cell membrane biosynthesis of MRSA continues even in the presence of beta-lactam antibiotics due to the mechanism of increased beta-lactamase production.
Strains resistant to oxacillin or methicillin are also resistant to all beta-lactams, including cephalosporins (with the exception of ceftaroline, which is a fifth-generation cephalosporin).
Currently, MRSA is increasing in frequency and is present in many healthcare settings and communities. Because MRSA has become resistant to many of the antibiotics used to treat common staph infections.
For MRSA, the recommended antibiotics are glycopeptides (vancomycin and teicoplanin) and linezolid. Vancomycin remains the standard treatment. Linezolid has better pharmacokinetics and less nephrotoxicity than vancomycin.

The way to prevent the spread of MRSA is that people need to practice good personal hygiene by bathing daily with clean water, especially babies with many interstitial folds and folds containing sweat, sebum and people. Adults should also wash their hands after having direct contact with children. Wash your hands before eating and after using the toilet. Limit contact with high-traffic surfaces such as handrails, faucets or doorknobs, especially in community areas. Do not share personal items (towels, clothes, etc.) with people infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Keep scratches on the skin clean, do not arbitrarily use antibiotics or topical drugs, apply leaves and do not scratch. the skin is inflamed... It is necessary to thoroughly treat skin diseases to avoid staphylococci from entering the bloodstream. It is best to see a doctor for the appropriate treatment.

When an area of ​​red, swollen or painful skin appears. Especially for newborns, the umbilicus is oozing pus or red around the umbilicus. Fever and pustules are present. Acne and boils do not go away for many days. When there are symptoms on the patient, it is necessary to go to a reputable medical center. Perform tests to identify the right bacteria and choose the right antibiotic to treat bacterial infections
Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the hospitals that not only ensures professional quality with a team of experienced doctors, a system of modern equipment and technology. Customers when choosing to perform tests here can be completely assured of the accuracy of test results.