Multiple Sclerosis Recurrence

People with recurrent multiple sclerosis will experience episodes of severe symptoms, followed by a period of recovery, and then again. The relapses and remissions progressed over time, but the condition did not worsen. The disease is usually controlled with immunomodulatory therapy.

Based on the progression of the disease, multiple sclerosis can be divided into the following groups:
Relapse - remission: Symptoms continuously appear and disappear, usually lasting a few days to weeks before gradually remission. retreat. During periods of remission between flare-ups, patients are completely asymptomatic. This is the most common type. Secondary progression / Progression - secondary: Symptoms first flare, then get worse. This is the case in many people with recurrent multiple sclerosis. Primary progression / Progression - primary: Symptoms flare up and are severe at the beginning. Progressive relapse: Symptoms flare up and become severe, then regress and then recur. Most people with multiple sclerosis experience a relapse. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) usually begins between the ages of 20 and 30. A flare-up of symptoms is called a relapse. After a period of recovery, there are few or no symptoms, which is called remission.
Each relapse can last for weeks, months or longer. The severity of symptoms is the same in each outbreak, not becoming more severe. After 10 to 20 years, relapsing multiple sclerosis usually transforms into another type of MS, called secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. At that time, the patient no longer experiences frequent relapses, but the symptoms will gradually get worse.

Each person with multiple sclerosis has unique, not exactly the same, symptoms. Some people may experience multiple relapses, while others experience symptoms only once in their life. Symptoms also vary, depending on the area of ​​the brain or spinal cord that has been damaged. Some typical symptoms are:
Eye pain and vision problems (such as double vision / double vision). These disorders may be the first signs of a person with recurrent multiple sclerosis Numbness and tingling Sensitivity to heat Pain along the spine when you rotate your neck, like a mild electric shock Dizziness Bowel problems or bladder Sexual dysfunction, such as lack of desire or difficulty having an orgasm Muscle stiffness and difficulty moving the body Feeling weak and tired Difficulty with balance and coordination Loss of time, difficulty difficulty thinking clearly Depression An outbreak of recurrent multiple sclerosis can last from 24 hours to several weeks. At that time, the patient will fall into one of the following three situations:
Re-appearing one or more of the above symptoms A previous symptom becomes more severe New symptoms A need to see a doctor when experiencing symptoms relapse as soon as possible. Prompt and prompt treatment can reduce the severity and risk of long-term disability.

Most people with relapsing MS can manage symptoms with:
Medications Physical therapy and rehabilitation Healthy habits It is best to start treatment as soon as diagnosed to avoid prolonged nerve damage.
3.1. Medicines to treat RRMS Some medications for RRMS help fight this disease by controlling the body's immune system, keeping the nerves from being attacked. Doctors often call this immunotherapy.
Medicines work to reduce the frequency of relapses, as well as reduce the severity of each, and at the same time keep the disease from getting worse for a while. Immunotherapy drugs that are given by injection include:
Glatiramer (Copaxone) Interferon beta-1a (Avonex, Rebif) Interferon beta-1b (Betaseron) Peginterferon beta -1a (Plegridy) IV drugs given at clinic or hospital including:
Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada) Mitoxantrone (Novantrone) Natalizumab (Tysabri) Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus)

Some oral tablets include:
Cladribine (Mavenclad) Dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera) Diroximel fumarate (Vumerity) Fingolimod (Gilenya) Siponimod (Mayzent) Teriflunomide (Aubagio) However, this therapy also comes with some side effects. . Patients and doctors will weigh the pros and cons of each, and closely monitor symptoms during treatment.
3.2. Using steroids to control symptoms The cause of multiple sclerosis symptoms flare-ups are inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. Therefore, reducing inflammation is the optimal way to treat relapsing multiple sclerosis.
Mild symptoms may not require treatment, doctors usually only recommend steroids in cases of severe flare-ups. This class of drugs is available as an IV intravenous infusion and orally.
In the short term, high doses of steroids can help reduce inflammation and shorten the duration and severity of relapses.
Your doctor may also prescribe antidepressants, pain relievers, and anti-fatigue medications to treat accompanying symptoms of relapsing multiple sclerosis.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle with a scientific diet and reasonable weight is an important way to live with autoimmune diseases, improving quality of life.
People with multiple sclerosis also need exercise to:
Keep the body flexible, move easily Weight control Boost mood and increase energy You can try many different exercises, such as: such as cardio (stimulating heart rate), walking, swimming, weight training to strengthen muscles, and stretching yoga. Some notes when making an exercise plan are:
Start slowly, from 5 to 10 each exercise Avoid overheating if you are sensitive to temperature Ask a physiotherapist to build suitable exercise program. In general, there are many different classes of drugs that help prevent recurrences of the disease, but cannot completely cure it. Patients need to try to avoid fatigue, stress, physical decline, etc. to limit the reappearance of multiple sclerosis symptoms.
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell infusion can alleviate autoimmune reactions and long-term relapses of the disease. At Vinmec International General Hospital, patients with multiple sclerosis have been treated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transfusion of autologous hematopoietic stem cells is an attempt to "reboot" the immune system, whose job it is to destroy damage to the brain and spinal cord in multiple sclerosis. For autologous stem cell infusion for multiple sclerosis, hematopoietic stem cells are taken from your body (autologous infusion) from your bone marrow or blood, selected and stored before being depleted. the immune system to the full extent of the chemical. The stored hematopoietic stem cells are then passed back to the body. The new stem cells travel down to the bone marrow and over time restore the immune system.

Reference source: webmd.com

MORE
Multiple Sclerosis: What to Know What is Multiple Sclerosis (or Multiple Sclerosis)? Treatment of systemic scleroderma