Progressive aphasia

The article is professionally consulted by Master, Doctor Le Thi Minh Huong - Emergency Medicine Doctor - Department of Resuscitation - Emergency - Vinmec Nha Trang International General Hospital. The doctor has more than 06 years of experience in examining and treating internal diseases, emergency and emergency resuscitation.

Progressive aphasia is defined as a neurological disorder that impairs the language ability of a person. The causes of progressive aphasia are complex and involve several parts of the brain.

Progressive aphasia is a neurological syndrome that affects a person's language ability. Aphasia usually progresses slowly and tends to get worse over time. The disease usually occurs before the age of 65 and causes the patient to lose language ability, become gradually silent and eventually lose the ability to write and speak language.
Some symptoms of aphasia include:
Difficulty finding words to express what you want to say Short, incomplete, meaningless sentences Misread this word into another word Difficult or impossible to understand spoken and written language expressed by others Write sentences that don't make sense, write sentences with lots of misspellings Depends on the person and the extent to which other areas are affected brain that will manifest in different, ever-changing, and different symptoms for many people.
There are 3 common types of aphasia in clinical practice as follows:
Non-fluent aphasia: Due to damage near the left frontal lobe of the brain, it makes it difficult for patients to speak, speak very short sentences or lack many words. words but the listener can still understand the sentence, often called Broca aphasia. Patients are aware of this condition of their own, often accompanied by hemiplegia or weakness on the right side of the body. Fluent aphasia: Also known as Wernicke's aphasia, the patient can speak long sentences fluently and easily but without meaning. People with Wernicke's aphasia often do not understand what the other person is saying, nor can the listener understand these statements. The cause of this language loss disease is damage between the left brain, the language area. Total aphasia: It is caused by damage to the entire language area of ​​the brain, causing the patient to lose the ability to speak as well as hear and understand.

To diagnose advanced aphasia, a person should undergo tests of oral, writing, cognitive, memory, and language abilities. Some laboratory tests need to be done, such as blood tests to find out what factors contribute to memory loss, brain imaging tests using magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography to look for strokes. , tumor... In addition, SPECT and PET scans can be performed to check the patient's health status.

The cause of progressive aphasia was found to be due to the atrophy of the left hemisphere center of the brain, the language area of ​​the brain, causing scar tissue as well as abnormal proteins that affect the normal functioning of the brain. , causing symptoms of aphasia. Different causes will cause different degrees of severity of aphasia. Some specific causes of progressive aphasia include:
Stroke Cerebrovascular accident Traumatic brain injury, possibly caused by a traffic accident Migraine, Brain tumor, Encephalitis, Pathology Brain degeneration Risk factors for aphasia include:
People with learning disabilities, especially dyslexia, are more likely to develop progressive aphasia. A person with a genetic mutation or a family member with a genetic mutation also has acquired as well as inherited the disease aphasia.

In the case that the patient has the ability to self-heal, after a period of testing, the progressive aphasia will disappear automatically, just need the support from family and friends in speaking practice, as well as training the mind. remember for the patient without the need for other treatments. In some more severe cases, it is necessary to use speech therapy for the patient. In addition, family members also play a very important role in helping with speech therapy for these patients. Some things that the patient's relatives should pay attention to are as follows:
Spend time taking care of, talking and interacting with the patient. When talking to the patient, you should use more gestures and actions. Use short sentences and simple words that are easy for the patient to understand. Be patient when conversing with the patient, and do not move on to other requests or stories until the patient has previously answered questions. Do not interrupt what the patient is trying to say. Do not leave the patient alone while talking to multiple people. Do not shout into the patient's ear. Because treatment takes a long time, family members need to be more attentive and patient with the patient so that the treatment is as effective as possible.

Progressive aphasia is a disease that usually occurs due to some brain damage, which impairs the patient's ability to speak and write. The treatment of progressive aphasia is complex and long-term, requiring coordination between medical staff, family members, and the patient to help the patient recover quickly.

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