Ultrasound in the diagnosis of endometriosis

Uterine ultrasound can diagnose endometriosis earlier and prevent surgery. A literature review of transvaginal ultrasound shows that it is an accurate and valuable diagnostic tool for deep infiltrative endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a condition in which tissues similar to the lining of the uterus begin to grow in other places, such as the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Women of all ages can get endometriosis. This is a long-term condition that can significantly affect a person's life, but there are treatments that can help.

The cause of endometriosis is still unknown, many experts say:
Heredity: The condition tends to run in families and affects people of certain ethnic groups more better than others; Retrograde menstruation: When some of the uterine lining flows up through the fallopian tubes and embeds itself into the pelvic organs, instead of leaving the body during menstruation; In what is known as the "induction theory," experts propose that hormones or immune factors drive the transformation of peritoneal cells - the cells lining the inside of your abdomen - into endometrial-like cells; Embryonic cell transformation: Hormones such as estrogen can transform embryonic cells - cells in the earliest stages of development - into endometrial-like cells that implant during puberty; Surgical scar implantation: After a surgery, such as a hysterectomy, endometrial cells can adhere to the incision; Endometrial cell transport: The vascular system or tissue fluid (lymph) can transport endometrial cells to other parts of the body; Immune system disorders: A problem with the immune system that can prevent the body from recognizing and destroying endometrial-like tissue growing outside the uterus; Endometrial cells spread throughout the body via the bloodstream or the lymphatic system, a series of tubes and glands that form part of the immune system.

Some women are severely affected, while others may not have any noticeable symptoms.
Here are the main symptoms:
Pain in the lower abdomen or back (pelvic pain) - usually worse during menstruation; menstrual pain that stops you from doing your normal activities; When sex during and after sex causes pain for women; Pain when urinating or urinating during menstruation; Feeling nauseous, constipated, have diarrhea, or have bloody urine during your period; Difficulty getting pregnant; You may also have heavy periods. You can use multiple pads or tampons, or you may bleed through your clothes; When endometriosis affects women's life activities, they may suffer from psychological diseases such as depression.

To diagnose endometriosis and other conditions that can cause pelvic pain, your doctor will ask you to describe your symptoms, including where the pain is and when it happened.
This ultrasound uses high frequency sound waves to create an image of the inside of your body. To record images, a device called a transducer is pressed against your abdomen or inserted into your vagina (transvaginal ultrasound). Both types of ultrasound may be done to get the best view of the reproductive organs. A standard ultrasound imaging test won't tell your doctor for sure if you have endometriosis, but it can identify cysts associated with endometriosis (endometriosis).

Treatment for endometriosis usually includes medication or surgery. The approach you and your doctor choose will depend on the severity of your signs and symptoms and whether you're hoping to get pregnant.
Doctors often recommend trying conservative treatments first, choosing surgery if initial treatment isn't successful.
5.1. Using pain relievers Your doctor may recommend that you take an over-the-counter pain reliever, such as the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or naproxen sodium (Aleve) to help menstrual pain relief.
Your doctor may recommend hormone therapy in combination with pain medication if you do not want to get pregnant.
5.2. Hormone therapy Supplemental hormones are sometimes effective in reducing or eliminating the pain of endometriosis. Hormone medications can slow the growth of endometrial tissue and prevent new implantation of endometrial tissue.
Hormone therapy is not a permanent fix for endometriosis. You may see symptoms return after treatment is stopped.
Thera every month. Many people have lighter and shorter menstrual flow when they are using hormonal birth control. Using hormonal contraceptives - especially continuous cycle regimens - can reduce or eliminate pain in some cases. These drugs block the production of hormones that stimulate the ovaries, reduce estrogen levels, and stop menstruation. Because these drugs induce artificial menopause, taking low doses of estrogen or progesterone along with Gnrh agonists and antagonists may reduce menopausal side effects, such as hot flashes, dryness, and irritation. vagina and bone loss. Menstruation and fertility return on discontinuation of the drug. Progestin therapy: A range of progestin therapies, including an intrauterine device with levonorgestrel (Mirena, Skyla), contraceptive implant (Nexplanon), birth control injection (Depo-Provera), or progestin pill (Camila ), which can stop menstruation and the growth of intrauterine implants that may relieve symptoms. Aromatase Inhibitors: Aromatase inhibitors are a type of medicine that lowers the amount of estrogen in your body. 5.3. Conservative surgery If you have endometriosis and are trying to get pregnant, surgery to remove the endometriosis implants while preserving the uterus and ovaries (conservative surgery) can increases your chances of success. If you have severe pain from endometriosis, you may also benefit from surgery - however, endometriosis and the pain can return.
Your doctor may do this procedure laparoscopically or, less commonly, through traditional abdominal surgery in more extensive cases. Even in severe cases of endometriosis, most can be treated with laparoscopic surgery.
In laparoscopic surgery, your surgeon inserts a slender viewing instrument (laparoscope) through a small incision near your navel and inserts the instrument to remove endometrial tissue through a small incision. another small incision.
To help customers detect and treat endometriosis early in particular and gynecological diseases in general, Vinmec International General Hospital has a basic gynecological examination and screening package to help customers Early detection of inflammatory diseases makes treatment easy and inexpensive. Screening detects gynecological cancer (cervical cancer) early even when there are no symptoms.

Basic gynecological examination and screening package for female customers, has no age limit and may have the following symptoms:
Abnormal vaginal bleeding Having menstrual problems: irregular menstrual cycle, irregular menstrual cycle Irregular vaginal discharge (smell, different color) Vaginal pain and itching Female clients have several risk factors such as poor personal hygiene, Unsafe sex, abortion,... Female customers have other symptoms such as: Abnormal vaginal discharge, itching, pain in the intimate area, abnormal vaginal bleeding. When registering for the Basic Gynecological Examination and Screening Package, customers will receive:
Gynecological Specialist Examination Transvaginal Uterine Ovarian Ultrasound Vaginal Bilateral Breast Ultrasound Tests such as: Treponema pallidum test rapid, Chlamydia rapid test, taking samples for cervical-vaginal cytology, bacterioscopic staining (female vaginal fluid), HPV genotype PCR automated system, Urinalysis by automatic machine.