Vocal cord papillomatosis

The article was professionally consulted by Specialist Doctor of Otolaryngology - Department of Medical Examination and Internal Medicine - Vinmec Hai Phong International Hospital.

Vocal cord papilloma, also known as laryngeal papiloma, is an injury to the vocal cords and trachea. These are benign tumors in the larynx, due to hyperplasia of the papillary papillae under the epithelium, forming small nodules and developing into a superficial nodule. Vocal cord papillomatosis can be seen in both adults and children, with different clinical manifestations.

The cause of laryngeal papillomatosis is not clear, it may be viral or endocrine,... However, the origin of vocal cord papilloma is HPV virus, the most common are strains 6 and 2. 11. HPV virus can cause lesions in many different parts of the body such as: uterus, vagina,...

Vocal cord papillomatosis can be transmitted from person to person, through intimate contact. However, it depends on the immune system of each person, not necessarily every contact is contagious.
For children, the cause is the effect of natural vaginal delivery, if the mother has HPV infection. In adults, the incidence is less and develops more slowly.
The disease often recurs, even when the wart has been completely removed before. Because the HPV virus still exists and thrives whenever.

3.1 Physical symptoms Hoarseness: Mild, moderate, severe, even loss of voice. The degree of hoarseness will gradually increase depending on the size of the tumor. Inflammation during superinfection: Shortness of breath is common in children. Due to the growth of many warts, the glottis narrows. Severe cases can spread down the trachea, bronchi, even the lung parenchyma. 3.2 Physical symptoms Physical symptoms that require laryngoscopy to see:
In adults: See lumpy lumps sometimes on the surface of the vocal cords. Warts are commonly seen on the superior surface and free margin of the vocal cords. In children: Direct laryngoscopy shows the tumor in a mass, shaped like a pink or dark strawberry, scattered on the vocal cords, epiglottis, laryngeal band, and funnel cartilage.

Diagnosis of vocal cord papillomatosis can be confirmed by biopsy. In addition, it is necessary to make differential diagnosis with some diseases such as: chronic laryngitis, tuberculosis, syphilis, cancer,... Therefore, it is necessary to do some more tests such as:
Mantoux test Sputum test, X -pulmonary reactivity test BW

Treatment of vocal cord papillomas with drugs is less effective. Therefore, the doctor will surgically remove the papilloma with pliers, microsurgical scissors, endoscopic suction, or remove the tumor with a CO2 laser. However, vocal cord papillomatosis is easy to recur because the tumor is not completely removed.
Children when they reach puberty usually go away on their own. Adults can get cancer if it is severe. However, do not use radiation therapy to treat papillomas because it has no effect and is easy to cause cancer.
In summary, vocal cord papillomatosis is a condition of damage to the vocal cords, due to overproduction of papillae leading to benign tumors. However, in children, the disease is less likely to be malignancy, as tumors often grow rapidly, obstructing the airways, severe conditions can spread to the lung parenchyma and can lead to death. As for adults, laryngeal papillomas have the ability to develop into malignant, localized tumors. Therefore, when seeing signs such as hoarseness, the owner should not be in charge but should immediately go to a medical facility for examination and timely intervention.
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