Laparoscopic nephrectomy for malignant kidney disease

The article was professionally consulted by Doctor of Urology Department, Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital.

Laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of malignant kidney disease is now being effectively applied to kidney cancer - the most common urinary cancer after bladder cancer and prostate cancer.

Laparoscopic nephrectomy for kidney diseases is a safe and effective technique that allows partial or complete removal of the kidney in cases of kidney failure, kidney cancer, or nephrectomy. donors in kidney transplant surgery.

Laparoscopic nephrectomy treats the following malignancies:
Kidney cancer: Kidney cancer is the leading cause of kidney disease requiring nephrectomy in developed countries. Urinary tract cancer: Urinary tract cancer is cancer that originates in the mucosal cells lining the urinary tract such as the renal calyces, renal pelvis, ureters, and bladder. The incidence of ureteral or pyelonephritis is not high and is often associated with bladder cancer. Standard surgical treatment of urothelial cancer includes nephrectomy, the entire ipsilateral ureter, and part of the bladder for tumors that have not invaded surrounding tissues.

Kidney cancer is one of the dangerous malignant kidney diseases, there are no obvious symptoms in the early stages and therefore, when detected, the disease is often advanced and has a high risk of death.
Kidney cancer is the leading cause of kidney surgery in developed countries. In particular, renal cell cancer is the most common type of kidney cancer, ranking 3rd among urinary tract cancers, after bladder cancer and prostate cancer.
Although the disease rate is quite high, the disease is often detected late because most of the symptoms of kidney cancer are not obvious. Today, about 50% of kidney cancer cases are detected early by ultrasound during a general physical examination. In the remaining cases, the disease was discovered when the condition had worsened, the body was tired, often had pain in the lower back and blood in the urine...
Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (laparoscopic radical surgery) nephrectomy LRN) is indicated for the treatment of locally advanced renal cancer that has not invaded nearby organs and has not spread to distant sites.
Contraindications to surgery such as: Hemostatic dysfunction, severe cardiopulmonary disease...
In many cases, partial nephrectomy or renal-conserving tumor resection can be used to treat cancer. kidney letter. Partial nephrectomy is increasingly used in the absence of contraindications, especially in small, superficial, peripheral renal tumours. For tumors located deeper, at one pole of the kidney, this technique can be performed by experienced surgeons.
In partial nephrectomy to treat kidney cancer, it is necessary to note some contraindications:
Tumor located deep in the parenchyma invades the hilum of the kidney U located in the middle of the kidney, near the great blood vessels Tumor invades extrarenal bud in renal vein, vena cava. In addition, some factors such as obesity, inflammation around the kidney... are also factors that can make it difficult to perform this technique.

Laparoscopic nephrectomy is a difficult technique that requires a team of experienced, highly specialized doctors and modern equipment. Vinmec Central Park Hospital is equipped with a modern machine system with high-resolution endoscopes, 3D images, a new generation robot arm... to help support doctors during surgery. In recent years, the Urology Department at Vinmec has successfully performed many laparoscopic nephrectomy surgeries to treat malignant kidney diseases. The doctors who directly perform the surgery are the leading experts in urology:
Specialist Doctor II Nguyen Minh Quang Doctor Nguyen Tan Cuong