Can I get pregnant with cervical polyp?

The article was professionally consulted with Specialist Doctor II Lai Thi Nguyet Hang - Obstetrician and Gynecologist - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Ha Long International General Hospital.

Cervical polyps are caused by chronic inflammation of the cervix, which is common in women between the ages of 30 and 50. These are small tumors, which can originate from the cervix or in the uterine cavity. With polyps, a woman's ability to conceive is significantly reduced.

With small polyps, it will prevent the egg and sperm from meeting, and if the polyp grows larger, it can cause cervical obstruction, sealing the cervix, endangering women's health. Most polyps are benign, but in some cases, if left untreated, polyps can turn into a precancerous form.

Uterine polyps are small, soft masses that develop on the inside of the uterus. They come from the glandular tissue of the uterus called the endometrium. This growth will occur in the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus (the organ where the fetus develops). They are attached to the endometrium by a thin stalk or wide base and extend inside the uterus. Their sizes can vary from as small as a sesame seed (a few millimeters) to as large as a golf ball (a few centimeters). It is possible to have one or more polyps in the uterus at the same time.
Most uterine polyps are not cancerous, but they can cause problems with menstruation or fertility (ability to have children). In some women with uterine polyps there are no signs or symptoms, but when they are discovered, doctors can find many reliable ways to remove them.

Doctors still don't know exactly why women develop cervical polyps, but it may be related to changing hormone levels. Each month, rising and falling estrogen levels direct the endometrium to thicken and then shed during the menstrual cycle. When there is an overgrowth of the lining that makes up polyps.
Some risk factors that can increase the chances of cervical polyps are age. It is common in women aged 30-50 years and very rarely in women under 20 years of age. It may be due to changes in estrogen levels that occur before and during menopause. In addition, obesity, high blood pressure and use of breast cancer drugs such as tamoxifen can increase the risk of cervical polyps.

There won't be any symptoms with cervical polyps, especially if the polyps are small or only one. However, the most common sign is bleeding. Need to see a doctor for advice and examination when experiencing the following signs:
Irregular menstrual cycle, unpredictable period: This is the most common symptom. Most women have a menstrual cycle that lasts 4 to 7 days. A woman's menstrual cycle usually occurs every 28 days, but a normal cycle can range from 21-35 days. About half of women with cervical polyps will have irregular periods. Prolonged or excessive menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia), bleeding between menstrual periods, and bleeding after menopause or sex. Cervical polyps are the cause of abnormal bleeding in about 25% of these cases. There is no possibility of pregnancy or can become pregnant but during pregnancy bleeding or when examining cervical polyps.

Most cervical polyps are not cancerous. But there is still a small percentage of complications that turn into cancer later in life. That risk is higher if you go through menopause. The symptoms of polyps are similar to those of cervical cancer. Therefore, if the patient has any signs of the disease, it is necessary to be monitored by a doctor to find out the cause and timely treatment.
So women with cervical polyps can get pregnant? Cervical polyps can cause problems with fertility. They can make it difficult for a woman with the disease to stay pregnant or can make it easier to miscarry. It means that if you have cervical polyp, it will be difficult for the fertilized egg to stick to the mother's uterus or the polyp will block the fallopian tube, making it difficult for the egg to implant when it has been fertilized. Some studies have found that removing polyps can help women get pregnant. However, these studies do not yet have clear evidence that removal will work for everyone.

Several methods can be used:
Transvaginal ultrasound: The doctor will place a wand-like device in the vagina, then it will emit sound waves and transmit images to the computer inside the uterus. bow. Your doctor may use a transvaginal ultrasound and place a thin tube called a catheter in your uterus while injecting saline into your uterus. The fluid expands the uterus and will help to get a better view of the polyps during the ultrasound. Hysteroscopy: The doctor places a microscope through the vagina and uterus, which helps to look at the tissues lining the inside. In cases where polyps are seen, surgical instruments can be used to remove them. Endometrial biopsy: The doctor will use a soft plastic tool to remove a piece of tissue from the lining of the uterus. Then, a sample of that tissue (biopsy) is sent to a lab to check for cancer cells. Polyp removal: This procedure is used in the operating room. Your doctor will use a metal instrument with a small ring on the top called a curettage. Use it to take a piece of polyp or tissue in the uterus for testing. At the same time, you can use a scraper to remove polyps right away.

Cervical polyps may not need to be treated if there are no symptoms and the polyps are not cancerous. The disease is mild, it can go away on its own after a while. But if you're past menopause or are at risk for uterine cancer, these polyps should be removed.
Medications such as progestins and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists can be used to help control hormone levels. This medication can shrink polyps and relieve symptoms such as heavy bleeding. But these symptoms usually return when the medication is stopped.
Surgery is often used by doctors to remove polyps at the same time as the procedure used to diagnose them, such as hysteroscopy or curettage. Instead of making a cut in the abdomen, they may insert surgical instruments through the vagina and cervix to remove the polyps. In the case of polyps in the uterus with cancerous cells, surgery to remove the entire uterus (hysterectomy).
Currently, the treatment of cervical polyps is quite simple. Therefore, to ensure health and prepare carefully for pregnancy, women should visit a gynecologist every 3 months to detect abnormalities in health early and to have a regimen. early treatment, avoid affecting long-term health as well as the birth of children later.

Gynecological diseases are a matter of great concern to women, because they affect the health and reproductive function of women. In order to help women detect inflammatory diseases early, make treatment easier and less expensive, Vinmec International Hospital currently offers a basic gynecological examination and screening package.
The package is for female customers, with no age limit and with the following symptoms:
Abnormal vaginal bleeding. Menstrual problems: irregular periods, irregular periods Abnormal vaginal discharge (smell, different color than usual). Vaginal pain and itching. Female customers have several risk factors such as poor personal hygiene, unsafe sex, abortion,... Female customers have other symptoms such as: Abnormal vaginal discharge, itching, vaginal pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding. The package is currently being deployed at the following Vinmec hospitals:
Vinmec Times City International Hospital Vinmec Hai Phong International General Hospital Vinmec Ha Long International General Hospital Vinmec Da Nang International Hospital Vinmec International General Hospital Nha Trang Vinmec Phu Quoc International General Hospital

Reference source: webmd.com; clevelandclinic.org