Common diseases of the breast

The article was professionally consulted by Specialist Doctor I Le Hong Lien - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital.

Currently, breast cancer is quite common among women and causes anxiety for many people. In fact, in addition to breast cancer, there can be a number of other benign diseases such as fibroadenoma, cystic fibrosis, and breast abscess that are not worrisome if detected, diagnosed, and treated early and appropriately.

Cystic fibrosis of the breast is a common benign lesion in women, it is often caused by a female hormone disorder. The disease is common in women aged 30-50. The most prominent feature is palpable soft masses, unclear boundaries appearing in the second half of the menstrual cycle, in the outer half of the breast or possibly both breasts.
This is a diffuse lesion consisting of many coordinated abnormalities including major factors such as:
Milk ducts proliferate and form cysts Cysts due to more or less dilated portions of the ducts and serous secretions, the number and size of these cysts vary from case to case. The segmental hyperplasia is also known as segmental hyperplasia and sclerosing adenocarcinoma; fibrous stroma. Proliferative lesions including epithelial cell proliferation, sclerosing adenocarcinoma, and papilloma increase the risk of breast cancer Proliferative lesions associated with dysplasia increase the risk of breast cancer by 4-5 times Non-proliferative changes such as enlargement of glands, cysts, dilation of milk ducts will not increase the risk of breast cancer

Fibrocystic breast cancer occurs when the tumor develops from the connective tissue between the lobules with sheaths, can occur in one or both breasts, and usually occurs before the age of 35. Firm, regular, round or ovoid lump, subcutaneously mobile, painless, unrelated to menstrual cycle; size varies about 2 - 3cm; usually there is only one tumor, sometimes there are multiple tumors and appear successively over time.
Definitive diagnosis is made by ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology to rule out malignancy. The treatment should be carried out before the age of 35 and followed up every 6 months; surgery when the fibroadenoma is large and rapidly growing; After 35 years of age, surgery to remove the tumor and do histopathological examination to confirm.

A breast abscess is defined as a condition in the breast where a sac-like cyst is filled with pus and surrounded by inflammatory tissue. Breast abscesses are often a complication of mastitis, an inflammation and infection of the breast tissue. Breast abscess is a fairly common disease, most common in nursing women because breast milk can cause nipple cracks to allow bacteria to easily enter. In the late stage, the inflammatory mass may turn localized pus into a mass, painful, and sometimes spontaneously burst the pus mass. Breast abscess is most commonly caused by a bacterial infection.
Breast abscess appears deep in the mammary gland when the inflamed mammary gland is not detected, diagnosed, and treated promptly and properly. Pregnant women after giving birth and breastfeeding often have mastitis because during this time the milk glands develop, if they do not clean the nipple well, they will be susceptible to infection. From the infection of the nipple, bacteria will enter the mammary duct causing mastitis; if diagnosed and treated early, inflammation can be reduced and completely cured; If treated late, where the infection will create an abscess, the treatment will be more difficult. Often breast abscesses are common in people after giving birth and are breastfeeding, when the mother breastfeeds the baby, the remaining milk causes inflammation of the milk ducts, if not treated promptly, it will cause a breast abscess. Breast abscesses can also occur in women who are overweight, have large breasts, or have poor personal hygiene. When there are symptoms of mastitis or breast abscess, it is necessary to go to the doctor for a definitive diagnosis and active treatment, to avoid affecting the health of the mother and the fetus.

Breast cancer is a malignant tumor of the breast. Most breast cancers develop in the milk ducts, with a small percentage developing in the milk sacs or lobules. Breast cancer, if detected and treated late, may have metastasized to the bones and other organs, and the pain will increase.
Warning signs of breast cancer:
Swollen or lumps, lymph nodes in the armpit Change of nipple Unusual breast shape Chest pain Red, swollen breast Itching in the breast Breast cancer is a possible disease in any woman. Subjectively, regardless of health and abnormal signs on the body, you are killing yourself by this evil disease. Instead of going to the hospital when new symptoms appear, it is best for women to conduct breast cancer screening and check their own health.

Currently, Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the very few hospitals in the country that applies the technique of breast biopsy with vacuum-assisted vacuum aspiration under Stereotactic positioning. This technique is more effective than the core needle biopsy method: Thanks to the use of a biopsy needle with a large size of 12 G or more, combined with vacuum suction, it helps to get more samples, thereby making it possible to obtain more samples. higher probability of success. In addition, this technique is also less invasive than the open biopsy method: The incision site does not require any recovery stitches, does not require special care, and the patient can return to normal daily life right away. tomorrow. In addition, the placement of markers to mark the intervention site is carried out right in the procedure to help manage the lesions after the test results are more favorable.