Treatment of male infertility: Updated guidelines

Men will have low sperm count or abnormal sperm if they have the following problems:
Varicocele is an abnormal collection of bulging veins above the testicles. . It is the most common cause of male infertility, accounting for 38% of cases. Undescended testicle (undescended testicle) Infection of the testicles, prostate gland (prostatitis) or other sites in the body causing fever Cancer treatment with chemotherapy Medicines such as anabolic steroids or anti-inflammatory drugs epilepsy Genetic abnormalities Have hormone problems In some cases, these problems can be treated, but in others they cannot. Sometimes sperm production is not the problem, but there is a problem with sperm movement. Men with this type of male infertility have normal sperm in their testicles, but sperm in their semen are abnormal, very low in number, or completely absent.

Causes of this type of infertility include:
Retrograde ejaculation: In this condition, semen is ejaculated back into the bladder instead of out of the penis. The main reason is because the patient has had previous surgery. Genetic defects such as absence of a vas deferens. Blockages can occur anywhere in the ductwork between the testicles and the penis. Anti-sperm antibodies are immune system cells that mistakenly identify sperm as a harmful invader and attempt to attack to remove the sperm.

There can be many causes of infertility in a couple, so it is likely that both of you will need to see a doctor to do some tests to determine the cause of the infertility. In some cases, doctors cannot find the cause of infertility.
Diagnosis of male infertility problems usually includes:
General examination and examination: Includes examination of the genitals and questions about genetic conditions, past or present conditions, trauma or surgery that may affect fertility. Semen analysis: After the semen is collected, it will be sent to a laboratory to measure the sperm count and check for any abnormalities in sperm shape and motility, infection status. Scrotal ultrasound: An ultrasound of the scrotum can help your doctor see if there are varicoceles or other problems in the testicles and surrounding structures. Hormone tests: Abnormalities in other hormone systems or organs can also contribute to infertility. Blood tests measure levels of testosterone and other hormones.

Post-ejaculate urine: Sperm present in the urine may indicate that sperm is moving backward into the bladder instead of out of the penis during ejaculation (retrograde ejaculation). Genetic testing: When sperm concentration is extremely low, there may be a genetic cause. Blood tests can reveal whether there are changes in the Y chromosome. Genetic testing may be ordered to diagnose many different congenital syndromes or genetic disorders. Testicular biopsy: If testicular biopsy results show that sperm production is normal, the problem may be due to a blockage or other problem with sperm transport. Transrectal ultrasound allows the doctor to examine the prostate gland and check for blockages in the tubes that carry semen (the ducts that carry the semen and the seminal vesicles).

The ultimate goal of male infertility treatment is to get their partner pregnant. It will be lucky if the doctor finds the cause of infertility and implements treatment to reverse the situation. Then progress to conception by natural sex. Here are some of the most commonly performed male infertility treatments.
Surgery: For example, a varicocele can often be repaired surgically. In the absence of sperm in the semen, sperm can be obtained directly from the testicles or epididymis using sperm collection techniques. Treatment of infections: Treatment with antibiotics can cure reproductive tract infections, but does not always restore fertility. Methods of treating sexual problems. Medication or counseling can help improve fertility in conditions such as erectile dysfunction or premature ejaculation. Hormone and drug therapy: Your doctor may treat you with hormone replacement therapy or medication in cases where infertility is caused by high or low levels of certain hormones or where there is a problem with how the body uses hormones.

In the past, if the above methods did not work, it usually meant that men would have male infertility for life. Today, assisted reproductive techniques (ART) have provided new, more effective options for patients. This expensive and high-tech male infertility treatment makes conception possible even for men with very low or abnormal sperm counts.
Assisted reproductive technology (English name is Assisted reproductive technology and abbreviated as ART). ART treatments include sperm collection through normal ejaculation, sperm extraction, or from a donor, depending on the specific case and the patient's wishes. The sperm is then inserted into the female reproductive tract, either used to perform in vitro fertilization or sperm into the cytoplasm of the ovum.
Customers can come to the Center for Reproductive Support - Vinmec International General Hospital. This is the leading center in Vietnam, which has developed and applied a comprehensive medical examination and treatment process, combining both gynecology and obstetrics and gynecology to provide the optimal method for each patient's case.
Advantages when customers choose Vinmec fertility center:
Equipped with modern equipment, clean air system according to international standards to ensure lab quality, single cabinet system to optimize quality embryo, improving the success rate for each cycle of artificial insemination. Implement most advanced assisted reproductive techniques in the world: ICSI (injection of sperm into the oocyte cytoplasm); support embryo escape membrane; Reproductive reserve: embryo freezing, sperm freezing, oocyte freezing to help customers take the initiative in giving birth at will, transferring embryos on day 5, minimizing pregnancy; male infertility techniques (PESA, MESA, TEFNA, TESE) Besides advanced reproductive support methods, a team of excellent doctors in the country and the world, with prestige and long-term experience in the field of infertility . Recommended video:


Infertility treatments: Hope for infertile couples

Reference source: webmd.com