What should pregnant women do when there are signs of miscarriage?

The article is professionally consulted by Master, Doctor Nguyen Nhu Thu Truc - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Nha Trang International General Hospital.

During pregnancy, no pregnant woman wants to be at risk of miscarriage. However, even healthy and full-term pregnant women need to know about the signs of miscarriage to ensure the survival of the fetus and the health of the mother. So, what should pregnant women do when there are signs of miscarriage?

1. What is a miscarriage? Miscarriage is the expulsion of a fetus from the uterus before it can live independently outside the uterus. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), miscarriage occurs when the fetus is expelled from the uterus before the 22nd week of pregnancy, the fetal weight is usually less than 500 grams.
Natural miscarriage takes place through two stages: threatened miscarriage and miscarriage. Pregnant women need to know the signs in order to have a suitable treatment attitude for each stage.
2. Signs of threatened miscarriage Pregnant women under 22 weeks, have signs of vaginal bleeding (maybe bright red blood or a little pink mucus, sometimes dark red or black blood, a little bleeding, intermittent bleeding. Continued Abdominal pain: usually not much pain, only feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen or a dull ache in the lower abdomen The doctor examines that the cervix is ​​still long and closed Ultrasound: pregnancy in the uterus, there is a heart pregnancy (for pregnancy > 7 weeks), with or without signs of placental detachment.In case a pregnant woman has such signs, it is necessary to arrange an appointment at a specialist obstetrics clinic for examination and treatment. timely handling.

3. Signs of Miscarriage It is very sad when a woman is faced with the risk of miscarriage. Although they do not want that to happen, pregnant people should also recognize the following signs for timely emergency:
Pregnant people bleed a lot. Bleeding may be bright red, or the blood may be a mass, dark or black, or a thick, viscous pink discharge. Sometimes the discharge is as clear as urine. The discharge contained tissue that was suspected to be an embryo. Pain in the lower abdomen and back pain. The lower abdomen has strong contractions, intermittent, feeling of straining. Fever or chills, feeling tired, sweating. Loss of signs of pregnancy such as breast tenderness, nausea (despite the fact that these also disappear by 10 to 14 weeks of pregnancy) Vaginal examination reveals a dilated, dilated cervix fetal mass, placenta in the vagina. The cervix is ​​shaped like a gyroscope because the inner hole and the upper part of the cervix have dilated and enlarged due to the low pregnancy. However, there are also many cases of pregnant women who have no symptoms before miscarriage, especially with very small fetuses, pregnant women only see very little vaginal bleeding. Some women have reported feeling sad, upset or having a strange taste in their mouth before the symptoms of miscarriage became more obvious.
The lower abdomen has strong, intermittent contractions, the feeling of straining is one of the signs of miscarriage

5. After miscarriage, what should pregnant women do? Depending on the miscarriage status, the doctor will give the pregnant woman a treatment.
If the pregnant woman is having a miscarriage but the placenta and the fetus have protruded in the cervix, the doctor will remove the pregnancy completely from the uterus. Then the doctor will use medicine and appropriate measures to prevent bleeding, control the clean uterus. If a woman has a complete miscarriage, the doctor will check to see if the uterus is clean or not. If the uterine cavity is still intact, it is necessary to perform a curettage of the uterus and re-examination to check. There are also cases indicated to wait for the tissues to push themselves out of the body. It lasts about a month. Most importantly, pregnant women need to give themselves time to recover physically and mentally after a miscarriage. To be on the safe side, you'll need to take birth control (preferably using a condom or daily pill) before your body returns to normal. Do not have sex and keep the vulva and perineal areas clean for about two weeks to allow the vaginal tissues to heal.
Mentally, women who have a miscarriage will have a very sad, lossy mood. Family and friends need to comfort and encourage them. Miscarriage doesn't mean you won't be able to have children. Look to the community, psychological support groups to balance emotions and regain a normal rhythm of life.
On the other hand, women after miscarriage should pay attention to minimize the risk of miscarriage in the future with a healthy, active lifestyle:
Don't smoke, use stimulants, alcohol Keep weight stable, not overweight or underweight Avoid exposure to harmful substances from the environment People with diabetes, problems related to the uterus, cervix or over 35 years old, pregnant women with recurrent miscarriage Continued pregnancy (more than 2 times) still has a relatively high risk of miscarriage in the future, so it is necessary to go to antenatal care as soon as there are signs of pregnancy (missing period, morning sickness). Knowledge of the signs of miscarriage as well as treatment methods are reproductive health knowledge that everyone needs to learn. Pregnant women who are in the early stages of pregnancy or the end of the first pregnancy must regularly check the fetal health status and recognize abnormal signs of the body.
Miscarriage is a complication that no woman wants, so early recognition of the signs and risks of miscarriage is something that women should know to prevent and coordinate with their doctor to come up with a treatment plan. In the case of having to handle pregnancy, there will be a scientific way to handle each type of miscarriage, minimizing the risk to the mother. If you have unusual symptoms, you should be examined and consulted with a specialist.
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