Breast-conserving therapy in breast cancer

1.Mammary-conserving therapy in breast cancer Scientific name: Breast-conserving therapy in breast cancer Common name: Breast-conserving therapy in breast cancer Technical description: Conserving therapy Breast conservation is a surgical method with the goal of completely removing breast cancer tissue and leaving the surrounding normal tissue as much as possible, including: breast-conserving surgery and additional radiation therapy right after surgery.
This is a surgery born in the 1980s by Dr. FISHER, VERONESI. This method has so far been widely applied in advanced countries.

2.What disease is this technique used for? Breast cancer 3.Indications and contraindications Indications:
Breast-conserving treatment is only for women with early breast cancer, the tumor has not spread outside the mammary gland, and only metastasis. lymph nodes in the armpit. The reason is that surgery can only be performed safely when the tumor is removed and the surrounding normal breast tissue is removed. The breast tissue around the tumor must be checked to make sure that there are no cancer cells left in order to reduce the risk of recurrence. Doctors will consider breast-conserving treatment based on the following factors: Age, Nodal status, Tumor histology, Tumor nuclear differentiation, ER status, PR, Ki 67, Invasion of vascular lymphoid space, Comedo histology or not.

Contraindications
Breast-conserving treatment cannot be performed when:
Multifocal cancer Tumor has spread to multiple parts (quadrants) of the breast Cancer has spread within the ductal ducts Tumor has spread to the areola complex , nipples (not guaranteed for aesthetics when preserving) Because after surgery, it is mandatory to follow up with radiation therapy to reduce the risk of recurrence, conservative surgery is also not possible in women:
Illness connective tissue and skin diseases such as scleroderma, because the side effects after radiation will be very severe History of previous radiation therapy to the chest wall due to another medical condition Disagree with postoperative radiotherapy 4. Advantages and disadvantages of the technique Advantages:
Can guarantee a cure equivalent to the treatment of removing the whole mammary gland. In addition, the most obvious advantage is to ensure aesthetics, patients always feel happier and more satisfied with their body than having to remove the entire breast tissue. They do not have to use breast implants in their daily activities, and their sex life is not affected after treatment. Cons:
You need to undergo further radiation therapy. Radiation therapy is essential to prevent tumor recurrence and increase survival. However, you need treatment every day for many days, which usually takes about 6-7 weeks, radiation therapy also causes some side effects. If, after surgery, the surgical margin is not certain to be free of tumor cells, you will need another surgery, sometimes you may have to remove the entire breast at the second surgery.

5.Process of breast-conserving surgery in breast cancer includes many degrees: cutting the tumor wide, cutting a part of the mammary gland, cutting the angle from the breast. The surgeon will cut the tumor and surrounding tissue with a safe margin based on the guidance of the ultrasound and mammogram images as well as their perception Safe surgical margin is the most important element of conservative surgery, Therefore, it is necessary to remove more healthy tissue around the tumor-free area. Checking for tumor cells or not will be done through cryosurgery right at the time of surgery and sent to the pathologist to read the results immediately. Breast-conserving surgery is often performed along with axillary lymph node dissection. Depending on the width of the surgery, the breast tissue is removed more or less, whether we need to place an implant or not, or a fake bra. Your body will also create scar tissue to fill in the gap, a tissue-differentiated scar that will often be seen on a later mammogram. Scars on the skin in the case of good healing will fade away. Your doctor will guide you on how to care for the scar to heal well and most aesthetically After completing the surgery, you will continue to receive radiation therapy to reduce the risk of recurrence 6. Normal expression after the procedure. After surgery, you will stay in the hospital for about 1-3 days depending on your post-operative recovery. You may also experience swelling and bruising at the incision site for a few days.
7.When are the following symptoms abnormal and need immediate follow-up? Collection of fluid around the surgical area, thus requiring surgical drainage Incisional infection in the mammary gland tissue or axillary lymph node dissection Incisional bleeding is very rare Painful swollen lymph nodes 8. The types of machines/equipment needed to perform this technique Truebeam NDS120HD V2.7 Accelerated Radiation Therapy Machine Things to note when performing this technique To achieve maximum effectiveness after surgery, it is necessary to strictly follow the doctor's instructions