Uses of Synazithral

Synazithral is prepared as a powder for oral suspension, with the main ingredient being Azithromycin dihydrate. The drug is used in the treatment of infections caused by strains of bacteria that are sensitive to the active substance of the drug.

1 vial of powder mixed with 15ml of suspension (200mg/5ml) of Synazithral containing Azithromycin dihydrate 200mg/5. Azithromycin is a semi-synthetic antibiotic of the azalide class (subclass of macrolides). The drug has a strong bactericidal effect through the mechanism of binding to the ribosomes of pathogenic bacteria, preventing their protein synthesis. However, Azithromycin has cross-resistance with erythromycin, so it should be considered when using Azithromycin because of the widespread spread of macrolide-resistant bacteria in Vietnam.
Azithromycin has a broad antibacterial spectrum, has good effects on many gram-positive and gram-negative strains. In general, Azithromycin has a slightly weaker effect on gram-positive bacteria than erythromycin but is stronger than erythromycin on some gram-negative bacteria, including Haemophilus.
Indications for use of Synazithral: Used in cases of infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria such as:
Lower respiratory tract infections: Pneumonia, acute bronchitis caused by Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae; Upper respiratory tract infections: Ear - nose - throat infections such as pharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, tonsillitis; Skin and soft tissue infections: Pyoderma, boils, impetigo caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae,...; Uncomplicated sexually transmitted infections in both women and men (except gonorrhea) caused by Chlamydia trachomatis or non-multiresistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Synazithral should only be used in patients allergic to penicillin to reduce the risk of drug resistance. Contraindications to using Synazithral:
People with hypersensitivity to macrolides; Do not use concurrently with ergotamine & bromocriptine.

Usage: Orally. Patients should dissolve the powder with a little warm water, stir well and drink immediately. Because food reduces the absorption of the drug, patients should take Synazithral on an empty stomach, about 1 hour before a meal or at least 2 hours after eating.
Dosage:
Adults: Upper and lower respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections: Initial dose on the first day is 500mg, the next 4 days is 250mg/day; Sexually transmitted diseases caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Haemophilus ducreyi or Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Take a single dose of 1000mg; Children under 12 years old: Use a single daily dose of 10mg/kg/day for 3 days; Or the first day, the dose is 10mg/kg/day, the next 4 days, the dose is 5mg/kg/day; Elderly, patients with renal or mild hepatic impairment: No dose adjustment is required; There is no information on the efficacy and safety of Synazithral in children under 6 months of age, so it should not be given to children in this age group. Overdose: There is no information available on the use of Azithromycin overdosage. Typical symptoms of overdose with macrolide antibiotics are hearing loss, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. There is currently no specific treatment for an overdose of Azithromycin. Treatment is gastric lavage and supportive treatment.
Missed dose: When forgetting to take a dose of Azithromycin, the patient should consult a doctor for appropriate advice, do not arbitrarily make up the dose without permission.

Overall, Synazithral is well tolerated. Most side effects are moderate to mild and are reversible upon discontinuation of the drug. Some side effects that patients may experience when using Synazithral include:
Common: Digestive disorders (dyspepsia, flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, abdominal muscle cramps) ). Symptoms are usually mild, less common than with erythromycin; Uncommon: Reversible hearing loss in some patients on prolonged high doses of the drug; Rare: Nephritis, vaginitis, taste disturbance, headache, dizziness, somnolence, dizziness, fatigue, rash, edema, peripheral angioedema, photosensitivity, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice,...; Laboratory tests: Temporarily mild decrease in neutrophil count, reversible increase in liver transaminases. When experiencing side effects of Synazithral, ​​the patient should stop taking the drug and immediately notify the doctor for advice on the most appropriate intervention.

Some notes for patients to remember before and while taking Synazithral:
Adjust the dose of Synazithral to suit patients with liver and kidney failure (Clcr less than 40ml/min); There is a risk of superinfection with non-susceptible organisms and pseudomembranous colitis with broad-spectrum antibiotics such as Azithromycin; Azithromycin should be used with caution because of the potential for allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis and angioedema (although very rare); There are no data on the use of Azithromycin in pregnant women. Azithromycin should only be used in the absence of other appropriate medications, approved by your doctor; It is not known whether Azithromycin passes into breast milk. Therefore, caution should be exercised when using Azithromycin in lactating women, only if approved by a doctor; Because there are side effects such as dizziness, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, ... should be cautious when using Synazithral drug in drivers, operating machinery.

Some drug interactions of Synazithral patients need to be aware of include:
Food reduces the bioavailability of Synazithral by 50%; Azithromycin should not be used concurrently with ergot derivatives to reduce the risk of ergot poisoning; Use Azithromycin at least 1 hour before or at least 2 hours after taking antacids; Because Azithromycin affects the metabolism of digoxin and cyclosporin, it is necessary to monitor and adjust the dose (if necessary) when using these drugs simultaneously; Azithromycin can be used concurrently with the anticoagulant warfarin, but the patient's clotting time should be monitored; When azithromycin is used in combination with rifabutin, it can lead to neutropenia; No pharmacokinetic effects have been detected when using the combination of Azithromycin and theophylline, but it is still necessary to monitor theophylline levels when using these two drugs simultaneously in patients; Azithromycin has little effect on the pharmacokinetics of cimetidine, carbamazepine and methylprednisolone. To avoid the risk of drug interactions when using Synazithral, ​​patients need to inform their doctors about all medications they are taking and their medical history. At the same time, patients should not arbitrarily take drugs, stop taking or change the dose of any medicine without the permission of the doctor. If there are any problems, the patient should immediately consult a doctor for proper advice.