Possible causes of recurrent miscarriage

The article was professionally consulted by Specialist Doctor I Nguyen Thi Man - Doctor of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Danang International General Hospital

Miscarriage is a great emotional shock for those who are eager to become a mother, especially when miscarriages continue. Repeated miscarriage is when 2 or more miscarriages with a gestational age of less than 20 weeks.

Repeated miscarriages are divided into 2 groups:
Primary miscarriage is when a woman has never given birth to a baby before. A secondary miscarriage is when a woman has successfully delivered at least one baby but now has multiple miscarriages in a row.

Chromosomal abnormalities: Up to 90% of recurrent miscarriages are related to chromosomal abnormalities. Chromosomal abnormalities can be due to the wife, the husband, or both. Immune factors: the mother has an autoimmune disorder such as Antiphospholipid syndrome, which affects the process of transmitting blood and nutrients to the fetus, causing the fetus to stop growing. Abnormalities in the uterus: The uterus is deformed, the uterus is unicornuate, has a septum or adheres to the uterus, is open to the cervix or due to uterine fibroids... making the embryo unable to implant and develop develop normally. Hormonal abnormalities: Pregnant women with luteal insufficiency do not produce enough Progesterone to nourish the developing fetus, causing fetal failure and stillbirth. People with polycystic ovary syndrome also have difficulty getting pregnant and when they do get pregnant, they are more likely to miscarry. Pregnant women with medical diseases: Pregnant women with medical diseases such as thyroid disease, diabetes, cardiovascular disease... affect the development of the fetus. Infections and infections: Sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea, syphilis, infections caused by Listeria, Salmonella, Urealyticu, Ureaplasma, rubella virus ... are also causes of continuous miscarriage. Abnormal sperm: Sperm are broken, malformations cause the fetus to stop growing (stillbirth) or the fetus has a birth defect that must be removed. Environmental factors: Pregnant women are exposed to chemicals such as anesthetic gas, arsenic, dyes, insecticides, ... are under excessive stress, bad habits such as smoking, drinking alcohol, toxic substances. addiction. Unknown cause: About 75% of consecutive miscarriages of unknown cause will get pregnant without treatment. The chance of a normal pregnancy in subsequent pregnancies is 50-60% depending on the mother's age and number of births. Many cases of consecutive miscarriages cause many women to fall into a state of insecurity, sadness, and family happiness at risk of breakdown. Therefore, women need to prevent disease by antenatal examination and counseling before becoming pregnant. This should be prepared as soon as you get married, or a year before becoming pregnant. When the doctor concludes that the body is completely healthy and ready, pregnant women also need a long time to carry out prenatal vaccinations.
To have a healthy pregnancy and safe childbirth, the mother before becoming pregnant needs to carry out full vaccinations as well as periodic health check-ups to ensure that the body is ready to enter the 9-month pregnancy journey. 10 days. Prenatal counseling and examination is also very useful for couples who have had consecutive miscarriages and need to be patient for examination and treatment according to the doctor's protocol.
Customers can refer to:
Pre-pregnancy vaccines Do husbands need to be vaccinated before their wives get pregnant?

Go for a general check-up before becoming pregnant to treat diseases that affect pregnancy as well as regularly visit antenatal clinics to prevent pregnancy complications. You still have a good chance of having a safe pregnancy and having a healthy baby if you've had your first miscarriage, but if you've had another miscarriage, think about chromosomal testing. Check the uterus and cervix, if the uterine septum can be treated with surgery. If the cervix is ​​weak, it can be reinforced with temporary fixation. Before becoming pregnant, it is necessary to have a general health check-up to know the body's condition and prepare the best health for pregnancy. Simultaneously vaccinated against mumps, measles, rubella ... 3 months before pregnancy. Avoid heavy labor, make the most of rest time, but still have to do light exercise to keep the body comfortable. Supplementing with adequate micro-minerals through daily food, the most essential is iron, calcium, magnesium, B6... and keeping a comfortable mind, avoiding anxiety. It is best to have children between the ages of 22 and 29. At this time, the body has fully developed, the egg quality is also at the best period, limiting early miscarriage. If pregnant at the age of 35 or older, pregnant women should regularly monitor the development of the fetus with periodic examinations as prescribed by the doctor. When there are abnormal signs such as abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, cramps, pelvic pressure, etc., you should immediately see a doctor for timely intervention. After each miscarriage, you should take a break for at least 6 months to 1 year for the reproductive organs to recover before getting pregnant again. You can rest assured that about 65% of women who have had multiple miscarriages for no apparent reason have a good chance of succeeding in the next pregnancy. The doctor will conduct an examination and diagnosis to find the cause:
The doctor will ask you about your medical history and past pregnancies. A general surgical exam, including a pelvic exam, may also be done. In addition, blood tests to help detect problems with the immune system or genetic causes of repeated miscarriages should also be done. Finally, ultrasound scans the images to see if you are experiencing uterine abnormalities related to miscarriage. If the cause of recurrent miscarriage has been determined, the doctor will choose the correct treatment plan for each disease to increase your chances of a successful pregnancy.
Chromosomal translocations: Get professional genetic counseling if you have a chromosomal translocation disorder. In vitro fertilization combined with special genetic testing, also known as preimplantation genetic diagnosis, will help to select unaffected embryos. Problems with the reproductive organs: Surgery to correct uterine abnormalities, such as removal of the septum in the uterus, can help increase the chances of a successful pregnancy. Antiphospholipid syndrome (excessive blood clots in the arteries and veins, blocking circulation): Doctors will prescribe medications that prevent blood clots, such as heparin, sometimes combined with low-dose aspirin in during pregnancy and for a few weeks afterward for women with this immune condition. Negative psychological effects are inevitable after a miscarriage, especially when there are repeated miscarriages, family happiness is at risk of breakdown. If you are not stable and comfortable mentally, physically resting after a miscarriage, the chances of women keeping a successful pregnancy will be less. To avoid falling into the above undesirable situation, in addition to changing your lifestyle when you know you are pregnant, doctors recommend that you do not skip pre-marital health checks or general tests before becoming pregnant. and regular pregnancy monitoring.
Why should couples choose Vinmec for pre-marital health check?
Vinmec Fertility Center is the leading modern center in Vietnam, built and applied a treatment process that coordinates comprehensive examination, combining both male and female obstetrics and gynecology to offer the optimal plan. for each customer case. Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cells and Gene Technology is located next to Vinmec Center for Reproductive Support, which is convenient for consulting and diagnosing genetic diseases. Vinmec Fertility Center's team of highly qualified and experienced specialists is capable of synchronously and comprehensively deploying the most advanced assisted reproductive techniques today. Modern equipment, synchronous with international standard lab. The cleanroom system has been tested and certified to international standards, along with the advanced mini-incubator system, contributing to the success of IVF cycles.