Cardiovascular complications in infectious diseases

The article was professionally consulted with Specialist Doctor II Nguyen Quoc Viet - Department of Medical Examination & Internal Medicine - Vinmec Da Nang International General Hospital.

In infectious conditions, cardiovascular complications are a serious disorder that can lead to death if not controlled in time. Some common cardiovascular disorders in infectious diseases can be myocardial infarction, myocarditis, pericarditis or arrhythmia, sudden death.

Cardiovascular complications are the result of many different mechanisms of action in patients with infection. Some of the mechanisms of action are as follows:
Direct action: By bacteria, parasites or toxins. Mediated effects: Local inflammatory response or general inflammatory response. Indirect effects: Severe anemia or pulmonary hypertension. Among infectious complications, community-acquired pneumonia is the cause of early cardiovascular events, such as heart failure, arrhythmias, acute coronary syndromes, myocardial infarction, and unstable angina. determined .
Associated risk factors include:
Advanced age. Increased blood lipids. Staphylococcus aureus or Klebsiella pneumoniae. Increased severity of pneumonia.

Infective endocarditis:
This is an infection of the endocardium of the heart caused by bacteria or fungi. Infection often occurs in the heart valves, which can be fatal from acute heart failure if left untreated. The main treatment is the use of antibiotics in combination with cardiovascular support drugs as in cases of heart damage not due to infective endocarditis. Indications for valvular surgery are often made early in the patient's hospital stay and before completing a course of antibiotics to control infection and improve cardiovascular function. Myocarditis:
Patients often have symptoms similar to acute myocardial infarction, tachycardia, heart block, epicardial lesions causing pericarditis or pericardial effusion. The definitive diagnostic criterion for myocarditis is biopsy. Cardiac arrhythmia:
The cause of this cardiovascular complication is infection with HIV, rubella, typhoid, leptospira... In addition, late-stage syphilis can cause arterial dilatation and valve regurgitation. causes left heart failure, stenosis, coronary thrombosis. Infectious agents can also lead to phlebitis, arteritis, fungal aneurysms, graft infection, or infection involving intravascular instruments. Recently, HIV has been recognized as a new risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disorders that can occur in people with HIV such as pericardial and myocardial disease, HIV-associated cardiomyopathy, tuberculous pericardial effusion, and pulmonary hypertension are relatively uncommon. poor prognosis, thromboembolic disease, peripheral arterial disease. In summary, cardiovascular complications in infectious patients is a serious disorder that can lead to death if not controlled in time. Therefore, as soon as you notice abnormal signs such as shortness of breath, angina, heart palpitations, etc., the patient should go to a medical facility for examination.
Currently, Cardiovascular Center - Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the leading centers in the country for examination, diagnosis, screening and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Vinmec not only has the convergence of a team of experienced and reputable leading experts in the field of surgical treatment, internal medicine, interventional cardiac catheterization, but also has a system of modern equipment, on par with The most prestigious hospitals in the world such as: MRI 3 Tesla (Siemens), CT 640 (Toshiba), high-end endoscopy equipment EVIS EXERA III (Olympus Japan), high anesthesia system Avace level, Hybrid operating room according to international standards... Especially, with the space designed according to 5-star hotel standards, Vinmec ensures to bring patients the most comfort, friendliness and peace of mind. .