Bladder foreign bodies dangerous?

The article was professionally consulted with MSc Vo Thien Ngon - Urologist, Department of General Surgery, Vinmec Da Nang International Hospital.

Foreign bodies in the bladder are tangible objects caused by subjective or objective reasons to put those objects in the bladder, this is a very rare disease.

The bladder is a urinary bladder located just behind the pubic joint. When empty, the bladder hides entirely behind the pubic joint, but when filled with urine it rises above the pubic joint, sometimes reaching the navel.
The bladder is composed of 4 layers, from the inside out, including: mucosal layer, submucosa, muscle layer, and serosa. In which the submucosa is very loose, allowing the muscle layer and the submucosa to slide over each other.
Bladder muscle consists of 3 layers: inner sphincter layer, middle oblique muscle layer, and outer longitudinal muscle layer.
Normally, the bladder capacity is about 300 - 500ml. In some pathological cases, the bladder capacity can increase to several liters at which point clinical examination shows a bladder bridge, or bladder capacity is reduced (small bladder).
The bladder lumen is covered by a mucosal layer. The bladder is connected to the renal pelvis by 2 ureters. The two openings of the ureter forming with the bladder neck are called triangles of the bladder. The high ridge connecting the two ureteral openings is the interureteral ridge, an important anatomical landmark when finding the ureteral orifice. At the bottom, the bladder is opened straight out by the urethra. In men, the urethral lining of the prostate and the bladder lining are of the same nature.

Are bladder foreign bodies dangerous? It can happen by accident or accidentally by the doctor. These can be medical instruments such as surgical sutures; Foley balloon fragment (catheter fixation balloon); forgotten ureteral stents (supports); various types of urethral dilatation instruments, IUDs, and staples in surgery. The cause is often due to the doctor's instructions to the patient, or the patient forgets to return for a follow-up visit. The people in the bladder with the highest foreign body are those who have a history of surgery on the urinary system or adjacent organs such as surgery for kidney stones, ureteral stones, uterine tumors...
In addition, foreign bodies in the bladder also occur. produced by the patients themselves, that is, people with mental disorders (schizophrenia, delusions of self-harm); sexual testing; masturbation;...
Because the male urethra is long, there are many anatomical segments, so foreign bodies are often stuck in the urethra or bladder.
Foreign body: Hair, metal wire, urinary catheter, leech, squeegee.
Alien creatures: Leeches, squeegees.

Functional symptoms
After a medical or surgical intervention on the bladder, urethra, kidneys, ureters... Urinary retention, hematuria. Foreign body with one end protruding from the mouth of the flute. Lower stomach pain, pain in the perineum- penis... Systemic symptoms
Psychiatric patients: Paranoia, depression. Patient: Fear, panic. Physical symptoms
The penis is painful, the mouth is bleeding... The mouth of the flute can be seen at one end of the foreign body. The urethral palpation can see the nature of the foreign body: round or flat, hard or soft...

Bladder bridge. Foreign body causing bladder perforation: Signs of urinary peritonitis... Rectal examination: See lesions of prostate gland, bladder neck, pouch with Douglas. Mental health examination. Paraclinical symptoms
X-ray: images of foreign bodies in the bladder, urethra. Abdominal ultrasound: Images of foreign bodies in the bladder lumen, possibly with bladder wall damage, bladder blood clots... Subframe computed tomography is only used for difficult cases.

Patient safety, patient sedation therapy.
Remove the foreign body from the urethra, bladder and limit the damage - secondary trauma to the bladder - urethra.
Treatment of urethral and bladder injuries if any.
If the foreign body is small: Endoscopy of the urethra, the bladder picks up the foreign body.
If the foreign body is large: Open the bladder to remove the foreign body.
Treatment: The urinary catheter is not withdrawn from the urethra due to long-term placement, so it is necessary to be very careful, slowly, not in a hurry. If you are a healthcare worker, do the following:
Push the urinary catheter deep into the bladder. Pump more warm water into the fixed cup, break the balloon and rotate the tube to pull it out. Put JJ in the path of the fixed ball: Clear the way to absorb water in the fixed ball or pierce the ball. Avoid removal of the urethral catheter tip, which will increase the risk of the catheter entering the bladder lumen.

Strictly follow the treatment regimen of the surgeon, if you have surgery, you must strictly follow the periodic re-examination regime. If you see symptoms related to the urinary tract, you should go to a specialist for examination and active treatment.
Vinmec International General Hospital is a high-quality medical facility in Vietnam with a team of highly qualified medical professionals, well-trained, domestic and foreign, and experienced.
A system of modern and advanced medical equipment, possessing many of the best machines in the world, helping to detect many difficult and dangerous diseases in a short time, supporting the diagnosis and treatment of doctors the most effective. The hospital space is designed according to 5-star hotel standards, giving patients comfort, friendliness and peace of mind.