Salmonella with Cardiovascular Complications

Posted by Doctor Tran Truong Giang - Intensive Care Unit - Vinmec Times City International Hospital

When entering the human body, Salmonella bacteria will attack the stomach and intestines and cause symptoms similar to gastritis, most people will have a mild infection and go away on their own after about 7 days without needing to be treated. treatment, however, there are also cases of cardiovascular complications and danger to the patient's life.

1. Pathogenesis of salmonella bacteria

Salmonella bacteria have the participation of bacteria, endotoxins and immune system mechanisms (the role of macrophages).
Incubation: Salmonella bacteria invade the gastrointestinal tract -> Intestine -> Through the intestinal mucosa into the mesenteric lymph nodes and develop in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Onset: At this point, bacteria are attacked by TB but cannot be destroyed, salmonella bacteria invade the endothelium and follow the lymphatic route into the blood and spread throughout the body of the patient. Full-blown: The salmonella bacteria are destroyed -> endotoxin release -> severe clinical signs with TK and visceral toxicity.

2. Complications of Salmonella infection

Some possible complications of salmonella infection include:
Gastrointestinal bleeding: Bleeding from congested Peyer's plaque Small bowel perforation -> Peritonitis Cholecystitis Osteomyelitis Encephalitis Cardiovascular: Endocarditis conjunctivitis, aortic disease, myocarditis. Among cardiovascular complications, endocarditis is more common. The pathogenesis of endocarditis complications due to Salmonella infection is unclear.
Complications of myocarditis due to Salmonella were reported less frequently. As with other causes of myocarditis, many factors are thought to be involved:
Individual response to pathogens with immune function, immune response and pro-fibrotic cytokines. Relating to the virulence mechanism of the agents

Vi khuẩn Salmonella có thể gây ra biến chứng viêm túi mật ở người nhiễm khuẩn

3. Signs suggest early diagnosis of cardiovascular complications of NK Salmonella

Cardiovascular complications of Nk salmonella can be recognized early when the following signs appear:
Recognition of tachycardia Chest X-ray: Pulmonary congestion not explained by sepsis ECG: May be normal with sinus tachycardia, possibly with signs of ST-segment depression Cardiac enzyme elevation, may be accompanied by muscle enzymes, liver enzymes Echocardiogram : Shows cysts with endocarditis; sometimes an annulus abscess can be seen, valve tearing; EF decreases with myocarditis. A valid diagnosis is still on MRI. The gold standard is biopsy.

ECG điện tim điện tâm đồ — Chẩn đoán biến chứng tim mạch của nhiễm khuẩn Salmonella thông qua điện tâm đồ

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Bài viết này được viết cho người đọc tại Sài Gòn, Hà Nội, Hồ Chí Minh, Phú Quốc, Nha Trang, Hạ Long, Hải Phòng, Đà Nẵng.