The role of gynecological ultrasound in the diagnosis of uterine pathology, adnexa

The article was professionally consulted by Specialist Doctor I Tran Cong Trinh - Radiologist - Radiology Department - Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital.

Gynecological ultrasound plays an important role in helping doctors assess the physiological and reproductive health status of women. Through ultrasound images, the doctor can detect abnormal symptoms in the uterus, ovaries and pelvic organs, thereby taking appropriate and effective treatment measures.

Gynecological ultrasound is one of the most popular gynecological examination steps in medicine with specialized instruments, which are transvaginal ultrasound and abdominal ultrasound to check and evaluate the development of organs. genital. Images will be displayed on a computer screen and based on that, doctors can easily detect strange symptoms in the uterus, ovaries and pelvic organs. Besides, the doctor also tells you what diseases you are suffering from, to what extent and how to treat them most effectively.

There are 2 common types of gynecological ultrasound.
2.1 Transvaginal ultrasound Transvaginal ultrasound is usually applied to women who have had sex. During the procedure, the doctor will use a small, round-ended instrument to contact the vaginal wall, through which the internal images can be observed. Thanks to the vaginal probe, the doctor can quickly assess the condition of the uterus, vagina, and ovaries, whether there are any abnormal signs or not.

2.2 Ultrasound on the abdomen Abdominal ultrasound is usually applied to subjects who have never had sex and large pregnant women with a convex transducer for moving on the abdomen, thereby observing and assessing the degree of pregnancy. thickness of the uterine lining as well as the development of eggs and ovulation, and helps to timely detect cysts and uterine fibroids (if any).
The condition when going for a gynecological ultrasound is that women have to hold their urine tight, so that the doctor can survey the entire internal reproductive system.

Gynecological ultrasound plays an important role in diagnosing uterine and adnexal pathologies, so that it can detect abnormalities in the uterus, whether there is a uterus or not, thick or thin endometrium. .. In some cases, congenital uterine malformations or no uterus are the cause of infertility and infertility.
Gynecological ultrasound is one of the ways to help detect diseases in women. Specifically:
3.1 Blocked fallopian tubes When a woman has pelvic inflammatory disease, the risk of tubal occlusion is very high, affecting the operation of the fallopian tubes. From the ultrasound image on the computer screen, the doctor will be able to accurately diagnose the location of the blockage and offer effective and timely treatment.
3.2 Ovarian Cysts Currently, the incidence of cystic tumors appearing in the ovaries in women is increasing day by day. The disease develops silently and without any obvious symptoms or signs, so it is important to note that you should have regular gynecological examinations at least every 6 months.

3.3 Uterine Fibroids Gynecological ultrasound is an effective method to help detect uterine fibroids. Anyone can get the disease, but it's mostly women between the ages of 30 and 50.
Malignant cells often progress silently inside the uterus and have no abnormal signs that the patient is unaware. The disease is only detected through periodic examination and ultrasound at reliable medical centers or when it is suspected that women have abnormal signs that need to be checked.
For patients with missed periods, irregular periods or uterine bleeding, ultrasound helps doctors observe egg development and endometrial thickness. Besides assessing sexual function, observing the development of eggs and ovulation, and assessing the thickness of the endometrium.

Any woman is at risk of getting a gynecological disease whether she has had sex or not. Therefore, when entering the reproductive age, if you notice some of the following abnormal signs, you should go for regular checkups and do an ultrasound:
Vaginal bleeding occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle for unknown reasons. Vaginal pain, especially during sex. Menstrual cycle disorder, irregular menstruation for a long time (sometimes come fast, sometimes it's slow, even once every few months,...) Frequent dull or sudden pain with gradually increased in the lower abdomen. The number of menstrual days changes erratically, the amount of menstrual bleeding is more or less. Mucus secretion a lot, has a very unpleasant odor, abnormal color. Gynecological ultrasound is a diagnostic form that can detect many delicate diseases in women, thereby taking appropriate and effective treatment measures. Therefore, to ensure their own reproductive health, each woman of reproductive age should have regular gynecological examination every 6 months.

Currently, at the Vinmec International General Hospital system, the basic gynecological examination and screening package is being applied.
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