Infertility due to no uterus

This article is professionally consulted by Master, Doctor Ta Quoc Ban - Obstetrician and Gynecologist, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Phu Quoc International General Hospital.

Abnormalities in the uterus can be the cause of infertility in a woman. One of the most common abnormalities affecting women is the absence of a uterus, which can be caused by a birth defect without a uterus or surgical removal of the uterus.

The uterus is an organ of the female reproductive system, located in the middle of the pelvis, behind the bladder and in front of the rectum. The actual position of the uterus in the pelvis varies from person to person. The uterus is formed in the lower abdomen and is complete in structure while the fetus is still in the womb. The uterus grows and changes in size as well as shape and size as the woman grows.

2.1 Congenital anomaly without uterus Primary uterine malformation is a birth defect in which the uterus officially shrinks, leaving only fetal remnants and a thin membrane in place of the uterus. .
Most people with this malformation are often accompanied by an absence of a vagina, but may still have normal fallopian tubes and ovaries, so the sex characteristics are still developing normally (the external genitalia are still intact). normal).
Patient has normal physical development but comes to the doctor because of delayed puberty or primary absence of menstruation, through examination and tests: Ultrasound, MRI revealed no vagina or sound short vagina, with or without attached uterus. Meanwhile, the ovaries on both sides are normal in size and function.

2.2 Absence of acquired uterus after hysterectomy Gynecological cancer : Some gynecological cancers such as uterine or cervical cancer – hysterectomy may be a good treatment option best. In addition, the patient had to remove both the uterus and ovaries for both ovarian cancer and ovarian cancer. Uterine fibroids: Hysterectomy is indicated in cases of large uterine fibroids (>5cm), prolonged bleeding, severe anemia, pelvic pain or bladder pressure. Indications are quite strict, especially in women who still want to have children. Adenomyosis: Causes adhesion inflammation, irreversible uterine fibrosis, may be accompanied by dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, which seriously affects the patient's life. When medical treatment or conservative surgery does not improve, hysterectomy is required. Uterine prolapse: Prolapse of the uterus into the vagina can occur when the supporting ligaments and tissues weaken. Uterine prolapse can lead to urinary incontinence, pelvic pressure, or difficulty with bowel movements. Hysterectomy may be necessary to achieve satisfactory repair of these conditions. Persistent vaginal bleeding: If menstruation is very heavy, infrequent, or lasts a long time each cycle, a hysterectomy can provide relief when the bleeding cannot be controlled by other methods.

Birth defects without a uterus cause infertility, severely affecting a woman's life. Currently, there is no place in the world for a uterus transplant, so for women who are born without a uterus or have a uterus, if they want to reproduce, there can still be hope if the ovarian function is normal. They can do in vitro fertilization and have someone else carry the baby.

Although there are many limitations, this method is bringing a ray of hope to women who are unfortunate enough to have uterine malformations. Currently, surrogacy is applied in cases of infertility because the woman has certain diseases or defects that make it impossible to carry the baby in her womb, such as heart disease, blood pressure, blood clotting disorders, etc. Severe endocrine disorders, no uterus because of congenital diseases or the uterus is completely incapable of pregnancy, hysterectomy due to cancer or abnormal deformity...
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