Measures to identify fertility abnormalities

How to recognize that they are infertile is a decisive issue to help couples recognize abnormal signs of fertility for timely examination and treatment, and prevention. infertility disease. Here are some measures to identify fertility abnormalities.

Some abnormal signs of female fertility you need to watch out for, including:
Abnormal vaginal bleeding: bleeding but not during menstruation is called negative bleeding. Abnormal vaginal discharge, possibly between periods or after sex. This condition can last for about 3-4 days, depending on the person with the amount of blood may be less or more. Abnormal vaginal bleeding can be a warning sign of some problem in the genitals or reproductive system, for example: uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, uterus... Vaginal discharge. Abnormal: There is nothing to worry about if the discharge is clear in color. However, in the case of discharge that is yellow, greenish, or has a foul odor, it may be an abnormal symptom. This could be a sign that you have an infection or vaginal infection. The disease can become chronic, spreading inward to other parts such as ovaries, fallopian tubes, blocking fallopian tubes, leading to difficulty conceiving if not treated properly in the early stages, Abdominal pain: pain Abdominal cramps and cramps can be a normal sign in some cases of dysmenorrhea. These are also common symptoms during menstruation. However, in severe cases, this can be a sign that you have an infection of ovarian cysts and endometriosis.

Male infertility often has no obvious outward signs. But there are signs you should pay attention to early examination such as:
One testicle is abnormally shaped Having a sexually transmitted disease Unstable erection Low sex drive. Swollen, painful or lumpy testicles... In addition, male fertility is also affected by diet, work environment and health status.

If fertility problems are found, you, your partner and your doctor should work together to resolve fertility problems. In fact, both male and female reproductive systems are very complex.
Fertility issues are a common concern, so you and your partner need to plan to go to your first date together. Send copies of your health records to your doctor first or bring copies to avoid the hassle and expense of duplicating medical tests.
Your doctor will ask you detailed questions about your menstrual cycle, including when you first got your period, how often you got your period, how much or how little your periods are, and whether you have premenstrual symptoms. And do you have a lot of pain before or during your period?
You will also be asked specific questions about your sexual history, such as whether you have ever had any sexually transmitted infections, miscarriages or abortions. You will even be asked about your current sex life, including how often you have sex, whether you use lubricants, and more. Your doctor will learn about your private life in detail, so you'll want to find a doctor who makes you feel comfortable sharing this information.

After reviewing your medical history, your doctor will likely conduct a complete examination of you and your partner. This initial evaluation may include some or all of the tests described below. Remember that many tests and procedures are performed early in your menstrual cycle, so you may need to rearrange your schedule to make time for some tests.

Ovulation predictor kit or basal body temperature (BBT) chart: If you are monitoring your basal temperature or using ovulation prediction tests to see when you ovulate then share information with a fertility specialist. If you haven't done this already, don't worry your doctor will run other tests to find out if you're ovulating.
To track BBT, you would take your temperature every morning - as soon as you wake up for at least a month and record it on a BBT chart or phone app. As the body releases progesterone after ovulation, your temperature will rise slightly.
You can also use over-the-counter ovulation predictor kits. The kit detects a significant increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) in your urine just before you ovulate.
Some women use home fertility monitors, which use computers to analyze both LH and estrogen levels. Other products to detect ovulation are based on fluctuations caused by the hormone sodium chloride in saliva or vaginal secretions.
Blood tests : You are ordered to have a number of blood tests so that your doctor can check your hormone production, including LH levels, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), estrogen, prolactin, and sometimes androgens or progesterone.

Hysterosalpingogram (HSG): This X-ray procedure allows your doctor to see if your fallopian tubes are blocked. It can also tell if the structure of your uterus is normal or if you have polyps, fibroids, scar tissue, or other abnormalities in your uterus that could affect your fertility. are not?
Your doctor will inject a special dye through your cervix into your uterus and fallopian tubes and monitor its movement with X-rays.
Laparoscopy : This outpatient surgery, performed under general anesthesia, which allows your doctor to examine your pelvic organs to check for scarring or endometriosis and to treat any pelvic abnormalities.
Laparoscopy is usually reserved for women who have an abnormal HSG, pelvic pain, or risk factors for pelvic disease, such as pelvic infection or previous surgery. Your doctor may also recommend this test if you haven't gotten pregnant with fertility treatments initially, before trying IVF.
Transvaginal ultrasound : Your doctor will place an ultrasound probe into your vagina to determine if the cysts are growing, count how many cysts are inside the ovary and also identify any problems. problems in your pelvis and ovaries, such as ovarian cysts or uterine fibroids.
Hysteroscopy: Your doctor may use this test if the HSG shows any underlying problems. During this procedure, your doctor will place a very small hysteroscope (a thin tube with a camera at the end) through your cervix and into your uterus to see if you have fibroids, polyps, or other abnormalities that may cause cancer. reduce your fertility or not.
This test does not allow your doctor to evaluate your fallopian tubes, but it does provide a clear picture of your uterus and is often an opportunity to correct problems at the time of the procedure.

Clomiphene challenge test: You are ordered to have this test to give your doctor more information about how well your ovaries are working and to measure their response to fertility drugs.
You will have a blood test on the third day after the start of your period to check your levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (a female hormone). Then, on the fifth day after your period starts, you'll start taking the fertility drug clomiphene citrate (Clomid) for five days.
Your doctor will recheck hormone levels on the 10th day of your menstrual cycle. The results will provide some insight into how well fertility therapy might work for you and how aggressive it might be.

Your doctor will ask you about puberty as well as your general health, such as whether you have any chronic medical conditions, a history of sexually transmitted infections, any surgery or current taking any medications (including anabolic steroids). Among other questions about potential causes of infertility, your doctor will also ask you whether you use alcohol or drugs and whether you have been exposed to environmental toxins.
You will then be asked to provide a semen sample, usually by masturbating and ejaculating into the sample cup. Your sample will be sent to a lab for analysis, where your sperm will be examined under a microscope for number, shape, appearance, and movement.
If your medical history or semen analysis results suggest an underlying problem, your doctor may recommend further evaluation. For example, you may have to see a urologist for a physical exam, blood tests, and ultrasound.

In many cases of fertility problems, there are many factors that cause fertility problems and some factors can be more difficult to detect than others, so it is not always can clearly diagnose the causes of this condition.
In about 15% of cases, the test does not detect any abnormalities. Doctors describe the condition as "infertility of unknown cause". Fortunately, today, unexplained infertility can also be successfully treated.
If you have fertility problems, you can come to the Fertility Support Center - Vinmec International General Hospital. This is the leading center in Vietnam, which has developed and applied a comprehensive medical examination and treatment process, combining both gynecology and obstetrics and gynecology to provide the optimal method for each patient's case.
Advantages when customers choose Vinmec fertility center:
Equipped with modern equipment, clean air system according to international standards to ensure lab quality, single cabinet system to optimize quality embryo, improving the success rate for each cycle of artificial insemination. Implement most advanced assisted reproductive techniques in the world: ICSI (injection of sperm into the oocyte cytoplasm); support embryo escape membrane; Reproductive reserve: embryo freezing, sperm freezing, oocyte freezing to help customers take the initiative in giving birth at will, transferring embryos on day 5, minimizing pregnancy; male infertility techniques (PESA, MESA, TEFNA, TESE) Besides advanced reproductive support methods, a team of excellent doctors in the country and the world, with prestige and long-term experience in the field of infertility .

Reference source: babycenter.com