Which pregnant women are at risk of amniotic fluid embolism?

Amniotic fluid embolism is one of the serious obstetric complications. Up to now, there is no specific treatment for pregnant women with amniotic fluid occlusion, so it is necessary to recognize the risks and detect them in order to give timely emergency and limit the possible risks.

Amniotic fluid embolism, also known as amniotic fluid embolism, is a condition in which amniotic fluid enters the mother's blood vessels and causes dangerous changes that can lead to death quickly for the mother.
Amniotic fluid embolism is a form of anaphylaxis of pregnancy and can occur in any woman. A pregnant woman can have an embolism of the amniotic fluid before, during, or after giving birth. In addition, this condition can also occur during abortion, amniotic fluid infusion, abdominal trauma...

The cause of amniotic fluid occlusion is due to rupture of the amniotic membrane and rupture of the uterine vein, making the uterine pressure higher than the venous pressure, causing the amniotic fluid to overflow into the uterine vein and cause allergic conditions. anaphylaxis .

A woman's first reflex when her amniotic fluid is occluded is sudden cyanosis. After that, the mother will have acute respiratory and circulatory failure, leading to rapid cardiovascular collapse, possibly cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, bleeding disorders that cannot be stopped, the fetus is at risk. acute asphyxia... If a pregnant woman has amniotic fluid occlusion without timely detection and emergency treatment, it can lead to dangerous complications as follows:
Heart and lungs stop working, with blood clotting disorders and loss of blood pressure. massive bleeding, ... can lead to systemic hypoxia. When the brain is deprived of oxygen for longer than 5 minutes, if life is saved, the mother is also at risk of having to live a vegetative life. When there is a coagulation disorder and excessive blood loss without prompt blood transfusion, hypovolemic shock will occur, leading to liver and kidney failure. At this time, the mother will have to filter the kidneys, filter the blood, and run the circulation outside the body. Emergency treatment of pregnant women with amniotic fluid occlusion by rehydration with large volumes of blood and fluids to maintain circulatory volume and protect organs in women with cardiovascular collapse can lead to edema. acute lung.

Amniotic fluid embolism usually occurs suddenly and is rare, however, the following factors are considered as risk factors for pregnant women:
Older women. The mother has given birth to many children. The woman had a sudden rupture of membranes. Maternal trauma during pregnancy. Pregnant women with placenta previa. Pregnant women with polyhydramnios. The baby is too big. Pregnant women are sedentary, lie or sit a lot due to fear of rupture of membranes or premature birth,... However, amniotic fluid blockage can occur in women with completely normal pregnancy, no history cardiovascular disease, vaginal delivery or cesarean section.

In order to prevent amniotic fluid embolism in particular and obstetric complications in general, pregnant women need periodic antenatal check-ups. If they have genital infections, they should be treated definitively. In addition, it is necessary to limit abortion at unreputable facilities, to avoid the risk of disease onset.
Pregnant women with amniotic fluid occlusion should be detected early and promptly given first aid to avoid dangerous situations for both mother and fetus.
Vinmec International General Hospital offers a Package Maternity Care Program for pregnant women right from the first months of pregnancy with a full range of antenatal care visits, periodical 3D and 4D ultrasounds and routine tests to ensure that the mother is healthy and the fetus is developing comprehensively.
Pregnant women will be consulted and checked for health under the close supervision of experienced and specialized Obstetricians, helping mothers have more knowledge to protect their health during pregnancy as well as reduce reduce complications for mother and child.