Common autoimmune diseases in children

Posted by Doctor Truong Thanh Tam, Department of Pediatrics - Neonatology, Vinmec Danang International General Hospital

Autoimmune disease is a disease that occurs when the immune system loses the ability to distinguish foreign antigens from self-antigens. Autoantigens are components of the body that, for some reason, become foreign, the body's autoantibodies against these autoantigens cause autoimmune disease to occur.

1. Causes of autoimmune disease

Modern medicine has identified a number of causes of autoimmune diseases including: Environmental pollution, Infection, Disturbance of gut bacteria, Vitamin D deficiency.

2. Common autoimmune diseases

Common autoimmune diseases in children include:
Autoimmune lupus erythematosus Rheumatoid arthritis Hashimoto's chronic thyroiditis Graves' disease Graves' disease Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Autoimmune thrombocytopenia Myasthenia gravis Multiple sclerosis Syndrome Guillain Barré polyneuritis Some glomerulonephritis and tubulointerstitial nephritis

3. Manifestations of autoimmune disease

Autoimmune diseases can affect many different parts of the body and cause complications.
Symptoms include: Prolonged fever, Frequent symptoms of fatigue, Itchy skin, hives, rash, Unusual weight gain or loss, Swollen glands in joints, throat...

4. What medical techniques are used to diagnose autoimmune diseases?

There is no single test that can diagnose most autoimmune diseases. Your doctor will use a combination of tests and assessment of symptoms to make a diagnosis.
The antinuclear antibody (ANA) test is often the first test a doctor uses when symptoms are related to an autoimmune disease. If you test positive, it means you may have one of these diseases, but it won't confirm exactly which one.
Other tests that help find specific antibodies produced in certain autoimmune diseases

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5. Can autoimmune diseases be cured?

Treatments cannot cure autoimmune disease, but they can control overactive immune responses and reduce inflammation. Medicines used to treat these conditions include: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen , Immunosuppressive drugs. Treatment can also relieve symptoms such as pain, swelling, fatigue, and skin rashes.
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