Psychological characteristics of children in childhood and adolescence

Entering childhood (6 - 10 years old) and adolescence (10 - 19 years old) is an important and new period in a child's life. Therefore, parents need to pay special attention to the psychological characteristics of children at this stage.

This is a new period for children. Stealing books to school is an important event in a child's life. For the first time in their life, children must immediately adapt to strict methods, rules, and regulations. At the same time, children must acquire abstract knowledge and skills in reading and writing. Intelligence is expressed through logical thinking and the system of abstract knowledge related to concrete objects. Thoughts expand, activities switch back and forth, reducing self-centeredness.
This is also the first time that young children live in a new environment outside of the family with relationships:
The relationship between teachers and teachers comes first. Have an equal relationship with friends, accept the friend rule. Able to cooperate with peers, understand and respect the rules of the game, but do not have close friends. Thinking: understand some principles such as conservation of matter, conservation of weight, understand reversibility, develop concepts of time, space, addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Think abstractly and have the ability to generalize.
Moral sentiments : cooperation and personal confidence. Understand the value of honesty, fairness, cooperation.
Personality is formed, showing lifestyle, habits, conscious behaviors, self-contained in social rules, or according to accepted self-values. The ability to adapt in different situations with its own personality and forte.
See more: Psychological characteristics of children aged 1 - 6 years old

It is a period with more changes and complex development than the previous ones. Growth and reproductive hormones develop and prepare for puberty. Children from 10 to 19 years old grow up quickly and change markedly physically, psychologically. The autonomic nervous system develops, children often feel nervous, short of breath... Children are interested in the change of their body.
Psychological development tends to be independent, it will stimulate independence, creativity in learning and activities. Imitation is already selective, but the object that the child imitates is still specific and identifiable with the character. Choose that as your idol and follow. Therefore, the imitation of honesty, simplicity, and humility of adults will have an effect on educating children, especially parents, teachers, siblings...
Adolescents have self-respect. tall, quite sensitive to anything that offends his inclination to be independent. Severe scoldings will be strongly reacted by the child, either sulking away or secretly resentful. Therefore, children do not listen and follow advice, even the right thing, only listen to people who sympathize with them. Therefore, the personality formed at the previous stage is easily broken to build a new personality, on the basis of the old personality.
During this period, children join close friends with similar interests, sympathies... Honesty with friends is highly valued, betrayal is considered lowly. Therefore, teachers and parents must pay attention to the child's friendship base.
Personality is formed in a fairly complete way, with stable expression such as lifestyle, moral habits. Children's thinking has also reached a fairly reasonable level of reasoning. Children build for themselves social norms and values ​​that are the basis for their conscious behavior
See also: What is considered an early puberty?

During the middle of adolescence, when girls begin to "menstruate", boys begin to "ejaculate" which means they have reached puberty. Girls usually go through puberty between the ages of 12 and 14, and boys between the ages of 13 and 17. Biological changes take place over a long and powerful period. In both sexes, sex hormones have a great influence on development, manifesting in rapid physical changes. At the same time, the genitals grow, hair grows in some parts. Daughter mammary glands develop. These changes make children pay attention to their bodies, carefully monitoring the smallest signs of maturity. Children have concerns about how physiological changes are taking place in their body. At the same time, children also have a strong sense of their gender. Girls like to pay attention to their appearance, boys want to prove their heroic strength. Love begins to appear...
At this age of adolescence, parents and teachers should be very tactful and skillful in their communication and behavior with children. A tactful approach to being a child's great friend at this stage is essential to being able to help your child master and adapt to complex emotional changes.
Common pathologies in this age group are depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, antisocial behavior disorder, adaptation disorder, early-onset schizophrenia.
As a key area of ​​Vinmec Health system, Pediatrics Department always brings satisfaction to customers and is highly appreciated by industry experts with:
Gathering a team of top doctors and nurses in Pediatrics : consists of leading experts with high professional qualifications (professors, associate professors, doctorates, masters), experienced, worked at major hospitals such as Bach Mai, 108.. Doctors All doctors are well-trained, professional, conscientious, knowledgeable about young psychology. In addition to domestic pediatric specialists, the Department of Pediatrics also has the participation of foreign experts (Japan, Singapore, Australia, USA) who are always pioneers in applying the latest and most effective treatment regimens. . Comprehensive services: In the field of Pediatrics, Vinmec provides a series of continuous medical examination and treatment services from Newborn to Pediatric and Vaccine,... according to international standards to help parents take care of their baby's health from birth to childhood. from birth to adulthood Specialized techniques: Vinmec has successfully deployed many specialized techniques to make the treatment of difficult diseases in Pediatrics more effective: neurosurgery - skull surgery, stem cell transplantation. blood in cancer treatment. Professional care: In addition to understanding children's psychology, Vinmec also pays special attention to the children's play space, helping them to have fun and get used to the hospital's environment, cooperate in treatment, improve the efficiency of medical treatment.