Why am I allergic to condoms? What are the symptoms of a condom allergy?

The article was professionally consulted by Dr. Nguyen Van Dinh - Head of Respiratory - Asthma - Allergy - Clinical Immunology Unit, Vinmec Times City International Hospital.

Currently, condoms are considered one of the safest methods to prevent pregnancy and prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, for many people with a sensitive body, there is a high risk of condom allergies after sex. So what is the cause of this problem and how to recognize and treat it?

If you often experience genital itching after sex and don't know what's causing it, it could be a sign of a condom allergy. Any ingredient in condoms such as spermicide can cause an allergic reaction. According to a survey, latex condoms (the main material for production is latex) is the leading cause of allergies. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the US, about 1%-6% of people are allergic or sensitive to condoms.

In most cases, condom allergies cause local allergic symptoms. Symptoms will only appear where your skin comes into direct contact with the condom.
Symptoms of local allergies include: Itching, redness, blistering, skin swelling, hives...
For people with sensitive skin, they are more likely to experience more serious symptoms. as a systemic allergy. This allergy is most common in women, because the mucous membrane in the vagina absorbs latex protein faster than the membrane on the male penis.
Symptoms of a systemic allergy include: hives and swelling in areas not in contact with condoms, runny or stuffy nose, watery eyes, sore throat, facial flushing....
In some cases can cause anaphylaxis. This is a life-threatening allergic reaction. See your doctor if you have symptoms such as difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing, swelling in your mouth, throat, or face.

Currently, there are many types of condoms made from natural rubber latex and the protein in this material causes many people to have allergies. With a latex allergy, the immune system mistakes these proteins as harmful "invaders" and releases antibodies to fight them. This immune response can lead to itching, dermatitis, or other allergic symptoms.
Besides, the cause of condom allergy is also caused by factors such as spermicide or lubricant in the condom. In addition to causing itching, these ingredients can cause bacteria to overgrow, leading to a yeast infection or bacterial vaginosis.
According to a 2002 study, about 30 - 50% of people with latex allergy are also allergic to some plant-based foods that contain proteins that are structurally similar to those found in latex. You may be more likely to develop a latex allergy if you are allergic to foods such as avocados, bananas, kiwis, chestnuts, tomatoes, bell peppers, potatoes...

Although most condoms are made of latex, there are now many alternative condoms available and their safety level is quite high. You can try the following types of condoms:
Polyurethane condoms: made from polyurethane- a synthetic rubber material that effectively prevents pregnancy and protects against sexually transmitted diseases (STIs). This product is thinner than latex condoms and has good heat transfer so couples feel more authentic during sex. Unlike other condoms, polyurethane condoms are compatible with most lubricants.
Polyisoprene condom : Polyisoprene is a type of synthetic rubber. This is the newest product on the market and is ideal for those allergic to latex or polyurethane. Its ability to conduct heat is better than latex, bringing a natural feeling to couples during sex. However, this type of condom is intended for men only and is compatible with water- or silicone-based lubricants.
Sheepskin condom : This is the oldest type of condom and was used before latex was developed. It is made from the intestinal membrane of sheep. This type of condom is also rated by users as bringing true natural feeling, increasing pleasure during sex. However, lambskin condoms are very porous and viruses can be passed through them, posing a high risk of sexually transmitted diseases.

If allergy symptoms persist for more than one to two days or are still allergic despite using other alternative condoms, you should see your doctor for advice and treatment. Because the symptoms you are experiencing could stem from an infection or other underlying causes.
The doctor will perform a physical exam and do diagnostic tests to check for common STIs and bacterial infections. Most genital infections are reversible with antibiotics. However, if left untreated, some infections can lead to serious complications, especially infertility.

Reference source: healthline.com