How long after abortion can I get pregnant again?

The article was professionally consulted with Master, Doctor Nguyen Van Thanh - Obstetrician and Gynecologist - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Nha Trang International General Hospital.

Ovulation is a disease of abnormally developed placental spines. After therapeutic intervention, the patient must avoid pregnancy and long-term follow-up to ensure no malignant transformation. Therefore, how long does it take to get pregnant by sucking eggs is a question of women who aspire to be mothers every day.

An ovum is a pregnancy with fertilization but abnormality in the development of the placental spines. At this time, the trophoblasts grow too fast, so the connective tissue inside the chorion along with the blood vessels cannot keep up, degenerate, swell, and become water sacs, sticky clusters, filling the lumen. bow and overwhelm the fetus.
The cause of the formation of an ovum is still unknown until now. Hypotheses have been put forward to be due to undernutrition, mainly protein deficiency, childbirth at too young or too old age, multiple births or even chromosomal abnormalities in trophoblastic cells and immune disorders.
The majority of ectopic pregnancies are benign. However, there is a 15% risk of developing glioblastoma and 3% of partial oocytes. On the other hand, if not diagnosed early and treated early, the ovum causes vaginal bleeding or spontaneous abortion, the uterine wall is invasive due to the ovum, so it is difficult to recover well, the risk of bleeding is high. , the amount of blood loss is a lot and the patient easily falls into hemorrhagic shock, which is life-threatening.

Pregnant women often come to the doctor because of vaginal bleeding. Black or red blood, abnormal bleeding, prolonged, small amount, persistent. In addition, pregnant women can also experience morning sickness that is more severe than usual, vomiting more often than in previous pregnancies and persisting even past the middle trimester.
Going to the doctor did not hear the fetal heart. The density of the uterus is soft, not palpable or very difficult to palpate fetal parts due to compression. The uterus is larger than the gestational age due to the excessive proliferation of trophoblastic cells, except for the degenerate ovum, the uterus is smaller than the gestational age. In addition, pregnant women may experience edema, high blood pressure, and cloudy urine due to protein loss through the urine. Tachycardia, warm hand skin, shaking hands, enlarged thyroid gland and sometimes signs of jaundice, yellow urine...
Tests show that ßhCG levels are very high, higher than gestational age and rapidly increasing continuously customary. When the ultrasound also does not hear the fetal heart, does not see the image of the embryo, but only sees speckled images, which are likened to images of snowfall, images of grapes.

The decision to terminate the pregnancy should be made immediately after the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.
The oocyte can be removed from the uterine cavity with minimal uterine intervention by using a dilator in combination with a suction machine. Then, to make sure no eggs are left, the doctor will use heart-shaped pliers, a large spoon and a blunt spoon to scrape it. After the procedure, the patient is always prescribed antibiotics to prevent infection.
In cases where the ovum invades the uterine wall, is complicated to spread or has a high risk of complications into glioblastoma, it is necessary to appoint prophylactic hysterectomy. For malignant ovum, additional anti-cancer chemotherapy is also required afterwards.
Only young, childless patients should be considered for curettage to remove metastases, and chemotherapy to keep the uterus. However, after that, the patient should be scheduled for close follow-up, if conservative treatment is not effective, a hysterectomy should be performed.

Tissue samples after egg abortion are sent for pathological examination to determine whether the fetus is benign or malignant.
Usually after 3 to 4 weeks after abortion, the structure and physiology of the uterus will return to normal. If the uterus is still large, the vagina is still bleeding, there is a risk that the pregnancy has turned into trophoblast cancer.
At the same time, hCG levels will also be measured once a week from curettage until hCG becomes negative. At this time, the time for hCG quantification will be gradually spaced out if previous results were negative. Conversely, if hCG levels do not decrease or remain abnormally high, the possibility of malignancy must be considered.

The good thing about this disease is that pregnancy does not affect fertility in the future even after the patient has undergone chemotherapy. Specifically, egg pregnancy does not increase the risk of stillbirth, birth defects, premature birth, or other complications. And the rate of recurrent ovum pregnancy is only 1-2%.
To do this, women who want to get pregnant best need to delay for at least two years. This is the least amount of time needed to monitor and predict the risk of malignancy. In case of pregnancy before this time, beta hCG levels will increase again. Accordingly, the doctor will not be able to know whether it is a normal pregnancy or a malignant development of the fetus.
To increase adherence to contraception, doctors need to explain to patients that early pregnancy again increases the risk of recurrent ectopic pregnancy as well as progression to glioblastoma. Accordingly, there are cases of having an egg pregnancy, stillbirth or miscarriage, causing women one more time of grief and health effects.
At the same time, the patient should also be instructed to avoid pregnancy by non-invasive methods such as using condoms in conjunction with ovulation or extra-vaginal ejaculation. Absolutely do not use oral contraceptives or intrauterine devices to facilitate monitoring after abortion.
After the prescribed monitoring period, before becoming pregnant again, the woman must have a general examination as well as a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology, redo some tests, in which it is necessary to check the level of hCG in the body. urine. Only when hCG is negative can the decision to conceive again be somewhat safe.
When you find out you are pregnant again, you should have an exam and ultrasound, blood tests more often than a normal pregnancy during the first trimester to make sure that there is nothing abnormal. Because there is no way to prevent pregnancy in the next pregnancy, the advice is that when you see something unusual, women need to see a doctor immediately. As in the case of accidental pregnancy earlier, especially before 12 months, pregnant women must be examined and closely monitored to assess the progress of the disease and intervene immediately if necessary.
In summary, although ovulatory pregnancy is not common, it causes severe consequences if not detected early and properly intervened. At the same time, it is also necessary to follow up after ovulatory intervention, prevent pregnancy as prescribed to ensure reproductive health for the next time as well as for yourself.
If you have unusual symptoms, you should be examined and consulted with a specialist.