People with dyslipidemia should eat, what should abstain?

The article was professionally consulted by MSc Vu Thi Tuyet Mai - Cardiologist - Cardiovascular Center - Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital.

Dyslipidemia is a common cardiovascular disease. In addition to drug treatment, lifestyle and diet changes are also extremely important. So what to eat and what to avoid with high cholesterol?

1. What is dyslipidemia?

High cholesterol is actually a disorder of blood lipids, in which there are abnormalities in the concentration and properties of blood lipid components such as: increased cholesterol or increased triglycerides, increased LDL-C (bad cholesterol), decreased HDL -C (Good cholesterol),...
Long-term increase in cholesterol can lead to calcification, atherosclerosis, and embolism. Leading to patients may have myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, ... Triglyceride is associated with pancreatitis. In addition, dyslipidemia is often accompanied by many other chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity and gout... Severe disease causes many dangerous complications, even death. .
Treatment of dyslipidemia must combine lifestyle changes and medication. In which, lifestyle changes are often recommended first, including increasing physical activity, combined with adjusting a reasonable nutritional diet.

2. High cholesterol should eat what?

People with high cholesterol are recommended to eat a variety of foods. Should adjust energy consumption to avoid overweight and obesity

2.1. Fiber and vitamins

Fiber plays an important role in the regulation of dyslipidemia, eliminates a part of fat and cholesterol absorbed into the body. When suffering from dyslipidemia, the patient should add a lot of fiber found in vegetables, tubers, fruits....
In addition, people with high cholesterol also need to increase vitamin supplements - a factor important factor in lowering cholesterol levels. Some foods rich in fiber and vitamins are especially good for people with cardiovascular disease such as:
Green vegetables. Bean prices. Fruits: Apples, shiitake and onions... Whole grains.

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2.2. Unsaturated fatty acids have many double bonds

Some studies have shown that unsaturated fatty acids with many double bonds such as Omega 3 and Omega 6 not only have the effect of lowering cholesterol but also help prevent cardiovascular diseases and help regulate blood pressure. Therefore, to improve dyslipidemia, patients should pay attention to a variety of fish and oils of plant origin that contain a lot of unsaturated acids.
Should eat fish 2-3 times a week, use peanut oil, olive oil instead of fat, eat oily seeds such as peanuts, sesame, chestnuts, pumpkin seeds, fish to provide fatty acids not much double join.

2.3. White meats

Should use white meat such as chicken, duck, swan - foods containing low cholesterol instead of red meat high in cholesterol.

2.4. Country

Water plays an important role in the process of excretion, thanks to which toxic substances are enhanced to be eliminated from the body. Therefore, people with high cholesterol should pay attention to drink enough water to purify the body.

3. High blood fat should abstain from eating?

3.1 Foods with High Cholesterol

Attention should be paid to limiting cholesterol-rich foods in each meal, especially brain, skin, liver, animal organs, chicken eggs, because egg yolks are rich in cholesterol. Patients need to minimize the amount of red meat in their meals because this is one of the foods with high cholesterol.
In addition, should also limit fatty meat, meat with tendons, animal skin...

3.2 Saturated fats (lipids)

Saturated fat not only increases cholesterol levels but also increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the use of foods containing saturated fat such as fat, butter, meat broth in the diet of patients with hyperlipidemia.

3.3 Limit late dinner

The night time period is the time when energy is consumed the least during the day, because the body is no longer active. Eating dinner too late can cause energy to not be digested in time, synthesizing into cholesterol and accumulating in fatty tissues, vessel walls... This condition can cause atherosclerosis for a long time. Therefore, it is advisable to arrange an early dinner time, combined with moderate exercise so that the fat content of the body is consumed.

3.4 Alcoholic beverages

Patients with high cholesterol should minimize the use of alcoholic beverages, which are the main cause of elevated triglycerides.

3.5 Road

Limit the use of drinks and foods containing sugar, especially soft drinks, to avoid overweight and obesity, and reduce triglycerides.

3.6 Tobacco

Avoiding smoking or exposure to tobacco can help improve HDL-c cholesterol, and prevent cardiovascular risk.

3.7 Salt

Salt should be reduced to less than 6g/day by avoiding powdered salt, limiting the use of salt in cooking by choosing fresh foods, and avoiding processed and canned foods. In order to prevent cardiovascular disease that often accompanies
Dyslipidemia is not necessarily only seen in obese people or elderly people. Therefore, periodic cardiovascular screening to detect cardiovascular disease early so that it can be handled and treated promptly, avoiding serious complications is extremely important.
Currently, Vinmec International General Hospital is implementing many cardiovascular screening packages for all subjects.

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