Uses of Etamet

Etamet medicine has the main ingredient Cefmetazol - a second generation Cephalosporin antibiotic, used intravenously to treat infections caused by susceptible bacteria.

Etamat medicine 1g has the main ingredient is Cefmetazol (in the form of cefmetazol sodium) 1g and is made in powder form for injection.
Active ingredient Cefmetazole is a 2nd generation Cephalosporin. Cephalosporins are bactericidal drugs that are active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. They kill bacteria by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis in the same way as penicillins through affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
Cefmetazole is more bactericidal than 1st generation Cephalosporins against Proteus-positive, Serratia, anaerobic gram-negative bacilli (including B. fragilis ) and some bacteria such as E. coli, Klebsiella, P. mirabilis but inferior to the antibiotics cefoxitin or cefotetan against most gram-negative bacilli.
Thus, the drug Etamet 1g has the effect of killing many types of bacteria and is used in cases of infectious diseases.

Indications:
Indications for use of Etamet in cases of infections caused by susceptible bacteria include:
Infections in the lower and upper respiratory tract; Skin and subcutaneous tissue infections, bones and joints; Urinary tract infections ; Sepsis ; Gynecological infections; Intra-abdominal infections caused by susceptible bacteria. Treatment and prevention of infections caused by anaerobic bacteria or mixed infections, especially intra-abdominal infections and pelvic inflammatory disease. Uncomplicated gonorrhea. Prophylaxis of the risk of infection during surgery, cesarean section, rectal surgery. Contraindications:
Do not use Etamet if you have a history of allergy to Cefmetazole or hypersensitivity to cephalosporins or other ingredients of the drug.

How to use:
The drug is administered by intramuscular injection or slow intravenous infusion. The preparation of the drug and the infusion is carried out by medical staff. The way to prepare the solution can refer to the following:
Intramuscular: Dissolve 1g of the drug with 3.7 mL of distilled water for injection. Intravenous injection: Dissolve 1g of this drug in 10mL of distilled water for injection or 0.9% NaCl, inject slowly 3-5 minutes. Intravenous infusion: Dissolve 1 g in 10 mL of distilled water for injection, then dilute to a concentration of 1-20 mg/mL with 5% dextrose, 0.9% NaCl, Ringer Lactate and then infuse 10-60 minutes. Dosage:
For adults:
The usual dose for infections is 0.5-1g every 12 hours by intramuscular or slow intravenous injection over 3-5 minutes. Severe infections are 3-4 g daily in divided doses every 6-8 hours. The above dose can also be given intravenously over 10-60 minutes, usually when the dose is high.
Dosage for surgical prophylaxis of infection:
Usual dose for hysterectomy:
Abdominal approach: 1g infusion 30 to 90 minutes before surgery and repeat within 8 and 16 hours afterwards. Vaginal approach: 2g IV as a single dose 30 to 90 minutes before surgery or 1g IV 30 to 90 minutes before surgery, then repeat 8 and 16 hours later. Usual caesarean section dose:
Infusion 2g as a single dose after cord clamping or 1g intravenously after cord clamping and then repeat 8 and 16 hours later. Usual Dose for Prophylaxis of Other Surgery:
Colorectal Surgery: 2 g IV 30 to 90 minutes before surgery and may be repeated 8 and 16 hours later. Cholecystectomy: 1g intravenously 30 to 90 minutes before surgery and repeated 8 and 16 hours later. Renal impairment: The interval between doses is far apart, depending on the degree of renal impairment. Dosage adjustment in renal impairment:
CrCl less than 10 mL/min: Administer 1 to 2 g IV every 48 hours. CrCl 10 to 29 mL/min: Administer 1 to 2 g IV every 24 hours. CrCl 30 to 49 mL/min: Administer 1 to 2 g IV every 16 hours. CrCl 50 to 90 mL/min: 1 to 2 g IV every 12 hours. Hemodialysis: May be administered every 48 hours after hemodialysis. Overdose:
When the patient receives a very high dose of about 10-15g in adults, there may be liver necrosis. Possible symptoms include: Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, sweating, feeling extremely tired, bleeding, unusual bruising, pain in the upper right part of the stomach, jaundice or yellow eyes and flu-like symptoms. Overdose treatment: In case of overdose, it is necessary to conduct supportive treatment. But overdose is rarely encountered because patients are given injections in medical facilities.

When taking Etamet, you may experience the following side effects:
Common: Gastrointestinal side effects include nausea and vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Rare: Potentially fatal as in pseudomembranous colitis, mild elevation in liver function tests, cholestatic jaundice; Hypersensitivity side effects include rash, anaphylaxis, hypersensitivity hepatitis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome; Hematologic side effects include thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, anemia, and eosinophilia. Other adverse events of unspecified frequency; Cardiovascular adverse events have also been reported including hypotension and shock; infections... mild but negligible hypoprothrombinemia has been reported and no significant bleeding has occurred. If you experience these symptoms, the patient should stop using Etamet and notify the doctor for appropriate treatment.

Caution when using Etamet for people with a history of allergies, porphyria, kidney failure. Before use, it is necessary to test to avoid the risk of an allergic reaction to the drug. Monitor renal and haematological status during treatment especially if high dose and prolonged use of Etamet. When using the drug there is a risk of infection with bacteria that are not sensitive to the antibiotic Etamet. If the patient presents with persistent diarrhea, the risk of colitis should be excluded and appropriate treatment instituted. Precautions for use in pregnancy: Cefmetazole was classified in pregnancy category B as having no risk in several studies. There are no controlled clinical data during human pregnancy. Cefmetazole should be used during pregnancy only when the need has been clearly established. Lactation: There have been no reports of adverse events in nursing infants whose mothers were receiving Cefmetazole. However, it can also cause changes in the infant's gut microbiota and make it difficult to interpret culture results in the assessment of suspected infection. Therefore, caution should still be exercised when used in lactating women. Drug Interactions: Cefmetazole may enhance the hypoprothrombinemic response to anticoagulants and decrease probenecid-induced renal clearance. Concomitant administration of Cefmetazole with Diazepam may reduce the excretion of Diazepam. Food interactions: Do not drink alcohol while you are taking Cefmetazole. Avoid mixing this drug with Aminoglycosides if they must be used at the same time, they should be used at different sites or at different times. In summary, antibiotic Etamet 1g is used in cases of infections caused by susceptible bacteria for which oral antibiotics are not effective. Note, Etamet is a prescription drug, you need to use it as prescribed by your doctor, absolutely do not self-treat at home.