Uses of Gluphakaps

Gluphakaps drug whose main ingredient is Metformin 850mg should be prescribed by a doctor to treat diabetes. Adhering to the correct instructions and dosage will increase the effectiveness of treatment and avoid unwanted side effects.

Gluphakaps is a diabetes medication, made in the form of film coated tablets with the main ingredient in each tablet is Metformin 850mg. Metformin is an antidiabetic drug belonging to the biguanide group, it has a different mechanism of action from the sulfonylurea antidiabetic drugs. Metformin does not stimulate insulin release from pancreatic beta cells. Besides, it also does not cause hypoglycemia in people without diabetes.
In patients with diabetes, metformin will have the effect of reducing hyperglycemia but not causing hypoglycemic events (unless the patient is fasting or the combination of drugs has a synergistic effect).
Previously both biguanides and sulfonylureas were considered hypoglycemic agents. But based on the mechanism of action of the drug, the biguanide group such as metformin must be called an appropriate anti-hyperglycemic agent.
Metformin is effective in reducing plasma, fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent). The peripheral mode of action of metformin is to increase glucose utilization in cells, improve insulin binding to receptors and potentially post-receptor effects, causing inhibition of glucose synthesis. liver and reduced intestinal glucose absorption.
In addition to its antidiabetic effect, metformin also has a favorable effect on lipoprotein metabolism, which is often disturbed in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients. In contrast to sulfonylureas, the body weight of patients treated with metformin tends to be stable or may be slightly decreased.
Metformin monotherapy may be beneficial in patients who have failed to respond or respond only partially to sulfonylureas or who are no longer responding to sulfonylureas. In these patients, if glycemic control is still not satisfactory with metformin monotherapy, the combination of metformin with a sulfonylurea may be synergistic. Because both drugs work to improve glucose tolerance by different but complementary mechanisms.

2.1. Indications Gluphakaps is indicated in the following cases:
Non-insulin dependent diabetes (type II): Can be used as monotherapy, when blood glucose cannot be controlled by diet alone . In cases where glycemic control is not achieved through diet with metformin or a sulfonylurea alone, a combination of metformin and a sulfonylurea can be used. 2.2. Contraindications Gluphakaps is contraindicated in the following cases:
Patients with acute catabolic state, infection, trauma. These cases must be treated with insulin. Decreased kidney function due to kidney disease, or renal dysfunction, or may be caused by medical conditions such as acute myocardial infarction, cardiovascular collapse, and sepsis. Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of the drug. Patients with acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, with or without coma (including diabetic ketoacidosis). Severe liver disease Severe cardiovascular disease Severe respiratory disease with hypoxia. Congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, cardiovascular collapse. Chronic hypoxic lung disease. Severe infections, bacteremia. Cases of acute metabolic decompensation, such as infections or gangrene. Pregnant women need to be treated with insulin, not metformin. Metformin should be temporarily discontinued in X-ray patients with iodinated contrast agents because their use can acutely affect renal function. Gangrene Alcoholism Lack of nutrition.

The drug Gluphakaps is taken orally. Dosage of Gluphakaps should be according to the prescription of a specialist, the reference dose for specific cases is as follows:
Adults: Use the starting dose of 850mg/time, 1 time a day, take the drug with meals shining. The dose may be increased by 1 tablet per day, once weekly, up to a maximum dose of 2,500 mg/day. The usual maintenance dose is 850mg / time, 2 times a day, taking the drug in the morning and evening. Some patients can take a dose of 850mg, 3 times a day, with meals. Elderly: The starting dose and maintenance dose of Gluphakaps should be done gradually, because there may be a decrease in renal function. In general, elderly patients should not be treated up to the maximum dose of metformin. Switching from other antidiabetic agents to Gluphakaps: There is no transition period in most cases, unless switching from chlorpropamide. When switching from chlorpropamide to Gluphakaps, caution should be exercised during the first 2 weeks because of prolonged retention of chlorpropamide in the body, which can lead to drug interactions and possibly hypoglycemia. Concomitant treatment with Gluphakaps and oral sulfonylureas: If the patient does not respond to treatment within 4 weeks of the maximum dose of metformin in monotherapy, an oral sulfonylurea will need to be gradually added while metformin is continued with metformin. maximum dose. Whether there has been prior primary or secondary failure to a sulfonylurea. When combined therapy with the maximum dose of both drugs fails to respond within 1 to 3 months, oral therapy should usually be discontinued and insulin therapy initiated. In Gluphakaps Overdosage: No reduction in blood sugar was observed after taking 85g of metformin, although lactic acidosis did occur in that case. Metformin in the blood is dialyzable with a clearance of up to 170 ml/min.
If you forget a dose of Gluphakaps, use it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the scheduled time. Note that Gluphakaps should not be used twice the prescribed dose.

During the use of Gluphakaps, you may encounter some side effects of the drug.
Common side effects of Gluphakaps include:
Anorexia Nausea, vomiting. Diarrhea Full epigastric Constipation Heartburn. Ban, you. Sensation to light. Decreased vitamin B12 levels. Less common side effects of Gluphakaps include:
Blood dysplasia
Aplastic anemia Hemolytic anemia Myelosuppression Thrombocytopenia Agranulocytosis. Lactic acidosis. Rare side effects of Gluphakaps include:
Skin reactions such as erythema, pruritus, urticaria. Rare side effects of Gluphakaps include:
Abnormal liver function tests Hepatitis requiring discontinuation of treatment.

Drugs that tend to cause hyperglycemia when used with Gluphakaps to decrease their effects include:
Diuretics Corticosteroids Phenothiazines Thyroid preparations Oestrogens Oral contraceptives Phenytoin nicotinic acid Drugs with similar effects Sympathomimetics Calcium channel blockers Isoniazid Co-administration of Gluphakaps with Furosemide increases the maximum blood concentration of metformin, but does not alter the renal clearance of metformin.
Cationic drugs (such as amiloride, digoxin, procainamide, quinidine, morphine, quinine, triamterene, ranitidine, trimethoprim, and vancomycin) that are eliminated by tubular secretion may have the potential to interact with metformin by competes with conventional tubular transport systems.
Cimetidine increases (60%) of peak metformin plasma and whole blood concentrations, therefore the combination of metformin with cimetidine should be avoided.
Gluphakaps drug whose main ingredient is Metformin 850mg should be prescribed by a doctor to treat diabetes. Adhering to the correct instructions and dosage will increase the effectiveness of treatment and avoid unwanted side effects.
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