Pylobact contains the main components of Omeprazole, Clarithromycin, and Tinidazole, with one box comprising 7 medication sets corresponding to a 7-day treatment regimen. This formulation facilitates patient adherence to the eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori in gastric and duodenal ulcer pathologies.
1. What is the action of Pylobact?
Pylobact contains the following active ingredients and their actions:
- Omeprazole 20mg functions by inhibiting gastric acid secretion through the inhibition of the H+/K+ ATPase proton pump at the secretory surface of gastric parietal cells, thereby reducing gastric acidity and alleviating symptoms such as heartburn, dysphagia, and persistent cough. It is commonly employed in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease and benign gastric and duodenal ulcers.
- Tinidazole 500mg is a member of the nitroimidazole class, exhibiting antibacterial activity against anaerobic bacteria, protozoa, and Helicobacter pylori.
- Clarithromycin 250mg is a macrolide antibiotic with bactericidal activity against a variety of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Helicobacter pylori.
Among the treatment regimens for Helicobacter pylori infection, the triple therapy consisting of Omeprazole, Clarithromycin, and Tinidazole yields the most favorable outcomes. Clinical trials indicate that this triple therapy is ideal due to its high Helicobacter pylori eradication rates, achieving up to 90-100%.
2. Indications for Pylobact
- Pylobact is indicated in the following conditions:
- Chronic benign gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
- Gastric and duodenal ulcers associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
3. Contraindications for Pylobact
- Pylobact is contraindicated in the following instances:
- Patients with hypersensitivity to Omeprazole, Clarithromycin, Tinidazole, or any of the excipients in the formulation.
- Patients with hypersensitivity to other Benzimidazole derivatives (such as Lansoprazole, Pantoprazole, Rabeprazole).
- Patients with blood dyscrasias.
4. Dosage and administration of Pylobact
Pylobact is formulated as a medication set, with each set consisting of 2 capsules of Omeprazole, 2 tablets of Tinidazole, and 2 tablets of Clarithromycin. One box contains 7 sets, with each set designated for one day of treatment, providing a total treatment duration of 7 days, administered orally.
With this unique packaging, patients should take 1 capsule of Omeprazole, 1 tablet of Clarithromycin, and 1 tablet of Tinidazole in the morning, and repeat the same regimen in the afternoon or evening.
Following the 7-day treatment with Pylobact, patients should continue treatment with Omeprazole 20mg twice daily or Lansoprazole 30mg once daily for the subsequent 3 weeks.
5. Adverse effects of Pylobact
Patients using Pylobact may experience various unwanted adverse effects, including:
Common adverse effects:
- Nervous system: Drowsiness, dizziness, headache.
- Gastrointestinal system: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, bloating.
Less common adverse effects:
- Nervous system: Insomnia, confusion, dizziness, fatigue.
- Dermatological: Urticaria, pruritus, rash.
- Hepatic: Elevated liver enzymes, which may normalize after discontinuation of the medication.
Rare adverse effects:
- Systemic and dermatological: Sweating, peripheral edema, hypersensitivity (angioedema, fever, and anaphylaxis).
- Hematologic and lymphatic system: Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, agranulocytosis.
- Nervous and psychiatric system: Reversible confusion, agitation, depression, hallucinations in elderly and particularly in severely ill patients, auditory disturbances.
- Gastrointestinal system: Gastritis, Candida infections, dry mouth, hepatitis with or without jaundice, hepatic encephalopathy in liver failure patients.
- Respiratory system: Bronchospasm.
- Musculoskeletal system: Arthralgia, myalgia.
- Renal and urinary system: Interstitial nephritis.
6. Caution When Using Pylobact
Patients using Pylobact should note the following information:
- Patients currently on Pylobact should avoid consuming alcoholic beverages, as Pylobact may induce disulfiram-like reactions with alcohol.
- Exercise caution when administering Pylobact to patients with severe hepatic or renal impairment.
- Treatment with proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics, including Pylobact, may increase the risk of gastrointestinal infections with strains such as Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Clostridium difficile. Patients should be evaluated to rule out pseudomembranous colitis when using Pylobact.
- Pylobact should not be used in patients with organic neurological disorders.
- The possibility of gastrointestinal malignancies must be excluded prior to initiating treatment with Pylobact, as it may obscure disease symptoms.
- Pylobact should not be co-administered with Terfenadine or Astemizole, as concurrent use may elevate the serum concentrations of these medications, potentially prolonging the QT interval and leading to arrhythmias.
- Advice for Pregnant Women: Pylobact is contraindicated in pregnant women and those breastfeeding, particularly during the first trimester of pregnancy.
- Advice for Nursing Mothers: The use of Pylobact is not recommended for breastfeeding individuals. Therefore, breastfeeding mothers should consider discontinuing Pylobact or halt breastfeeding while on the medication.
- Caution When Driving and Operating Machinery: Due to potential side effects such as dizziness and fatigue from Pylobact that may impair alertness, it is advised to refrain from driving or operating machinery or performing tasks requiring mental acuity during the course of treatment.
7. Drug Interactions of Pylobact
When using Pylobact, patients should be aware of the following interactions:
- Theophylline: Concurrent use with Pylobact may increase the serum concentration of Theophylline.
- Terfenadine: Concurrent use with Pylobact can elevate the serum levels of Terfenadine, which may prolong the QT interval or cause cardiac arrhythmias.
- Oral Anticoagulants: Concurrent use with Pylobact may enhance the effects of oral anticoagulants such as Warfarin; therefore, monitoring of prothrombin time is essential.
- Carbamazepine, Cyclosporine, Phenytoin, Disopyramide, Lovastatin, Valproate, Cisapride, Pimozide, Astemizole, Digoxin: The serum concentrations of these medications may increase when taken concurrently with Pylobact.
- Ketoconazole, Ampicillin, and Iron Salts: Due to its strong acid secretion inhibition, Pylobact may hinder the absorption of these medications.
- Phenytoin, Diazepam, Warfarin: Pylobact may delay the elimination of these drugs.
The above information about Pylobact is crucial; patients should thoroughly read the usage instructions and consult with a physician/pharmacist prior to administration. It is important to note that Pylobact is a prescription medication, and patients must use it according to the physician's directives. Self-treatment or administering injections at home without medical guidance is strongly discouraged.
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