In theory, the process from when treated water from the plant reaches the consumer must comply with strict safety standards and must not contain any harmful substances that pose health risks. However, in practice, abnormalities in clean water sources can still occur due to issues in the water treatment process, such as the recent water contamination incident in Hanoi. The most pressing concern now is how to identify safe drinking water and how to respond when clean water sources are polluted.

Water pollution is an issue of great concern for many organizations. It significantly impacts daily life and human health. So, how does water contamination occur?