The definition of value in health care was first introduced in the book Redefining Health Care: Creating Value-Based Competition on Results as the measured improvement in a patient’s health outcomes for the cost of achieving that improvement. A healthcare that is value-based should provide cost-effective ways to improve patient health outcomes by optimizing its available resources. This concept, however, is entirely novel in Vietnam as the prevailing norm in the country remains to be the traditional fee-for-service model.