Causes and symptoms of hemorrhoids

Video content is professionally consulted by MSc, BSc. Nguyen Ngoc Khanh, Department of General Surgery, Vinmec Times City International General Hospital

Many people do not fully understand what hemorrhoids are, are hemorrhoids dangerous. Medically, hemorrhoids occur when the body has excessive dilation of the hemorrhoid plexus, anyone is at risk of this disease. In simpler terms, hemorrhoids are pathologies of a vascular system from arterioles, veins, and arteriovenous anastomosis to smooth muscle and connective tissue lined by the normal epithelium of the posterior duct. subject.
The venous plexus is located in the submucosa, supported by a vascular pad. With age problems or frequent pressure during defecation causes these pads to swell, creating hemorrhoids in the anal canal.
Hemorrhoids mainly have 2 types, including internal hemorrhoids and external hemorrhoids, in which:
Internal hemorrhoids: arising in the submucosal space, on the dentate line, originating from the internal hemorrhoid plexus. Patients with internal hemorrhoids are classified into 4 grades. External hemorrhoids: When hemorrhoids arise below the dentate line, they are called external hemorrhoids. Causes of hemorrhoids can be caused by:
Straining when defecating; Sitting on the toilet for a long time; Chronic diarrhea or constipation; Fat; Pregnant; Anal intercourse; Low fiber diet. Both internal and external hemorrhoids tend to increase with age because the tissue structure that supports the veins in the rectum and anus becomes loose and flabby. Signs of hemorrhoids may include:
Pain or discomfort, ranging from no pain, little pain to very painful anal fissures, blockage or obstruction; Bleeding without pain during bowel movements; Itching or irritation in the anal area due to mucus secretion from the mucosa of the anal canal; Swelling around the anus; A lump near the anus, burning or painful (possibly a blood clot in the hemorrhoid). Most patients believe that hemorrhoids can be treated on their own without consulting a doctor. However, this makes the condition worse, making it more difficult to treat.