There is no specific medicine to treat hand, foot and mouth disease, only symptoms can be treated


Hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by a virus with symptoms including sores inside or around the mouth and a rash or blisters on the hands, feet, feet, or buttocks. Currently, there is no specific medicine to treat hand, foot and mouth disease, so frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with sick people can help reduce the risk of infection.

1. Causes of hand, foot and mouth disease


The most common cause of hand, foot and mouth disease is infection with coxsackievirus A16 which belongs to a group of nonovio enterovirus viruses. Other enteroviruses also sometimes cause hand, foot, and mouth disease. The disease is spread through person-to-person contact with an infected person:
Nasal secretions or throat secretions. Saliva. Fluid from blisters. Stool of the patient. Tiny droplets are released into the air after an infected person coughs or sneezes. Children after coming into contact with an infected source with their hands such as toys, then put their hands in their mouths or rub their eyes. Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is most common in children in childcare settings because of frequent diaper changes and potty training, and young children often put their hands in their mouths or rub their eyes. Although it is possible for a child to pass HFMD to other children within the first week of infection, the virus can remain in the body for weeks after signs and symptoms disappear, which means that the child can still infect others.
Some people, especially adults, can get the virus without any signs or symptoms of the disease.
In Vietnam, hand, foot and mouth disease circulates all year round in most provinces with 2 peaks from March to May and from September to December. The southern region is the most affected area and accounts for more than 60% of the country's cases. In 2011, Vietnam had 112370 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease and 169 deaths reported from 63/63 provinces.
Hand, foot and mouth disease unrelated to foot and mouth disease (sometimes called foot and mouth disease), is a contagious viral disease found in sheep, cattle and pigs and is particularly unrelated related to hand foot and mouth disease. Humans cannot get foot and mouth disease from pets or other animals, and humans cannot transmit the disease to them.
Phòng ngừa tay chân miệng ở trẻ
Tay chân miệng là bệnh lây nhiễm do tiếp xúc với người nhiễm bệnh

2. Symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease


Early hand, foot and mouth symptoms include fever and sore throat (in young children fever and loss of appetite or drinking). Mouth sores can appear on the inside of a child's mouth (usually at the back of the mouth) or on the tongue. Mouth sores can make it painful for a child to swallow, so make sure your child gets enough fluids and calories.
Children may experience redness on the palms or soles of the feet a day or two after the first symptoms appear, which may turn into blisters. Raised flat spots or sores on the knees, elbows, or buttocks.

3. Complications of hand, foot and mouth disease


The most common complication of hand, foot and mouth disease is dehydration. It can cause sores in the mouth and throat, making swallowing painful and difficult. Closely monitor the child to ensure that the child regularly drinks fluids throughout the illness. If dehydration is severe, the child may need intravenous fluids, especially hand, foot and mouth in children. Hand, foot and mouth disease is usually a mild illness that causes only a few days of fever and relatively mild signs and symptoms. A rare and sometimes serious form of coxsackievirus can involve the brain and cause other complications:
Viral meningitis. This is a rare infection that causes inflammation of the membranes and cerebrospinal fluid that surround the brain and spinal cord. Encephalitis. This is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication related to encephalitis caused by a virus.
Bệnh tay chân miệng trẻ em
Biến chứng phổ biến nhất của bệnh tay chân miệng là gây lở loét ở miệng, đau đớn và mất nước

4. Treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease


Currently there is no vaccine and specific treatment for hand, foot and mouth disease. Hand, foot and mouth disease will go away on its own in 7 to 10 days. However, there are a few things you can do to relieve uncomfortable symptoms:
Take over-the-counter medications to relieve pain and fever. (Note: Aspirin should not be given to children.) Use mouthwash or numbing spray to relieve pain. Use cold foods like yogurt or smoothies to soothe a sore throat. Avoid spicy or salty foods. Rinsing the mouth and throat with salt water can also help relieve the pain of mouth blisters and sore throats. Do several times a day or as needed. Anti-itch creams, such as calamine, can help fight redness. If a person has mouth sores it should be painful to swallow. However, it is important for people with hand, foot and mouth disease to drink enough fluids to prevent dehydration. If you cannot swallow enough liquid to avoid dehydration, you will be given fluids by intravenous infusion.

5. Hand, foot and mouth disease prevention

Rửa tay bằng xà phòng trước khi vệ sinh mắt
Rửa tay sạch sẽ để phòng nguy cơ nhiễm trùng tay chân miệng

Some precautions can help reduce the risk of HFMD infection :
Wash your hands carefully . Wash your hands often and thoroughly, especially after using the bathroom or changing diapers and before preparing food and eating. When soap and clean water aren't available, use alcohol-based hand wipes or gels to kill germs. Disinfect common areas. Get in the habit of cleaning high-traffic areas and surfaces in the household first with soap and water, then using a diluted solution of chlorine bleach and water. Child care centers should follow a strict schedule of cleaning and disinfecting all common areas, including shared items such as toys, as viruses can live on these objects for days. . Clean your baby's pacifier regularly. Teach children personal hygiene. Show your child how to practice good hygiene and how to keep it clean. Explain to your child why fingers, hands, or any other object should not be put in their mouths. Isolate infected people. Because hand, foot and mouth disease is highly contagious, people with the disease should limit contact with others when they have typical signs and symptoms. Keep sick children out of school until the fever is gone and the mouth sores have healed. If adults are sick, work from home.

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References: Cdc.gov and Mayoclinic.org

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