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Atopic dermatitis is a common skin disease in children, up to the present time, treatments for atopic dermatitis are still difficult because no specific treatment has been discovered. . Can atopic dermatitis be cured is a question of many patients and their family members.
1. What is atopic dermatitis?
Atopic dermatitis or eczema is a medical condition that causes the skin to become red and itchy. It usually occurs in children but can occur at any age. Atopic dermatitis is a long-lasting chronic disease, which tends to flare up into many acute episodes in each stage. The disease may present with bronchial asthma or fever.
Treatment of atopic dermatitis is still difficult because no specific treatment has been discovered. Whether atopic dermatitis can be cured is a question of many patients and family members, but currently, treatment focuses only on reducing symptoms and preventing exacerbations such as avoiding bleach. Wash and moisturize the skin regularly, apply creams or ointments.
2. Causes of atopic dermatitis
A healthy skin will maintain moisture and protect the human body from bacteria, irritants and allergens. Atopic dermatitis is associated with genetic traits that influence this immunity of the skin. This feature makes the skin susceptible to attack by agents from the external environment. In children, gastrointestinal allergens such as food can also be the cause of atopic dermatitis.
The main risk factor for atopic dermatitis is having a close family member with atopic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and bronchial asthma.
Trắc nghiệm: Bận rộn có ảnh hưởng đến sức khỏe của bạn không?
Cuộc sống hiện đại khiến chúng ta vì quá bận rộn mà quên chăm sóc sức khỏe cho chính mình. Ai cũng biết rằng lịch trình làm việc cả ngày có thể khiến bạn kiệt sức, nhưng cụ thể bận rộn ảnh hưởng thế nào tới sức khỏe? Hãy cùng làm thử bài trắc nghiệm dưới đây.
3. Clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis has clinical signs and symptoms that vary from person to person, including:
Dry skin Itching, worse at night Red or gray-brown patches on hands, feet, ankles, wrists , neck, chest, eyelids, elbow and knee joints, face and scalp in children Small blisters, which may burst and drain from scratching Thick, scaly patches of skin Swelling and edema from scratching Atopic dermatitis Most appear before the age of 5 years and can persist into adolescence and adulthood. For many people, the disease can have episodic exacerbations that go away for a long time, sometimes years.
Parents need to take their child to a medical facility immediately if:
Symptoms appear that interfere with the child's daily activities, including sleep. There is a skin infection with yellow scabs, red swollen skin around, or a high fever. Symptoms persisted despite treatment. Although atopic dermatitis is a skin disease, it can cause many different consequences. Depending on each complication, the patient will have various clinical manifestations such as:
Asthma: Atopic dermatitis is sometimes abnormally preceded, suggesting asthma. More than half of children with atopic dermatitis will face asthma after the age of 13. Scaly skin, chronic itching: Because of itching, scratching the red patches on the skin only makes the itching worse. This will cause the skin to change color, thicken and darken. Skin infections: Due to the itchy nature of the disease, children often scratch the damaged skin and create open wounds. Since then, the risk of bacterial and viral infections increases, especially the herpes virus group. Sleep disorders: The vicious cycle of itching-scratching reduces the quality of sleep in children.
Viêm da cơ địa là bệnh lý ngoài da
4. Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis
Laboratory tests do not play much of a role in the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. The doctor will perform a clinical examination, evaluate the skin lesions and extract information about the patient's history. Skin testing may be used to rule out other skin conditions or to detect conditions associated with atopic dermatitis.
5. Can atopic dermatitis be cured?
Atopic dermatitis is often persistent. Patients need to be treated for a long period of time, often months to years, to get good control. However, signs and symptoms of the disease can still come back later.
Atopic dermatitis currently has no specific treatment. It is important to note that early diagnosis and early treatment are beneficial. If moisturizers and home remedies don't work, your doctor will prescribe one of the following:
Medicines:
Creams to treat itching and help restore skin: Usually The doctor will prescribe a corticosteroid cream or ointment to be applied directly to the skin, after the moisturizing step. The patient should take the medicine according to the doctor's instructions. Drug abuse can cause many side effects, including thinning of the skin. Other creams containing calcineurin inhibitors, such as tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, that affect the immune system are also indicated. The drug is used for children over 2 years old, applied directly to the skin after moisturizing, avoiding exposure to sunlight while taking the drug. However, calcineurin inhibitors are suspected to increase the risk of cancer, despite insufficient data. Anti-infectives: Topical antibiotics may be used when the patient has complicated skin infections on the background of open wounds. Anti-inflammatory drugs: In some severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids. This drug has a high therapeutic effect but is not allowed to be used for a long time because of many serious side effects. New drug to treat severe atopic dermatitis: Recently, the FDA approved the use of an injectable biological drug called dupilumab. Drugs of choice when the patient is unresponsive to other conventional treatments. However, because it is a new drug, there have not been many reports on its mechanism of action as well as its side effects. Dupilumab is quite expensive.
Thuốc dạng kem điều trị ngứa và giúp phục hồi làn da
Other treatments:
Light therapy: This method should be applied to patients who have not responded to topical therapy or have a high frequency of disease recurrence. The simplest light therapy used is exposing the skin to sunlight. Other types of light such as UVA and UVB rays are also indicated for use alone or in combination with drugs. Wet bandages: Another effective method to treat atopic dermatitis is to wrap a wet bandage around the affected area after corticosteroids have been applied. This procedure is often applied to patients with extensive lesions and is usually performed in the hospital by experienced nurses. Atopic dermatitis in infants should be treated with:
Identify and avoid skin irritants Avoid exposing the skin to extreme heat or cold Moisturize the baby's skin with oils, creams moisturizers or ointments.
Tình trạng viêm da cơ địa ở trẻ nhỏ
6. Prevention of exacerbation of atopic dermatitis
Some points to note to prevent acute flares of dermatitis and minimize dryness such as:
Moisturize skin at least twice a day: use cream, ointment or solution to moisturize. Identify triggers and avoid exposure to them: some of the known aggravating factors are sweat, dust, stress, obesity, soaps, detergents. Children should be more likely to develop acute flares of dermatitis when they eat certain foods, such as eggs, milk, soy, and wheat. Care should be taken to detect allergens and avoid their use. Shorten bathing time: limit bathing time to about 10 to 15 minutes, preferably warm water, instead of hot water. Use mild soaps: Do not use deodorant and antibacterial soaps because they strip the skin of its natural oils, leading to dryness. Dry off after bathing with a soft towel and apply moisturizer while the skin is still wet At Vinmec International Hospital, there is a package of examination and advice on treatment of atopic dermatitis to help customers evaluate the overview. condition and advise measures to help prevent disease recurrence.
Bệnh viện Đa khoa Quốc tế Vinmec hiện có Gói khám và tư vấn điều trị viêm da cơ địa dị ứng
When registering for a package of examination and consultation for treatment of atopic dermatitis, customers will receive: Dermatology specialist examination. Perform tests such as: quantitative IgE, fresh mycobacteria, specific IgE quantification with respiratory allergens - food (Panel 1 Viet), test Rida Allergy Screen (panel 1)...
For examination and treatment with leading Dermatologists at Vinmec, you can contact HERE
References: mayoclinic.org, webmd.com, mayoclinic.org
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