What is fine needle aspiration cytology for?

Fine needle aspiration cytology is a procedure that uses a small, hollow needle to gently pierce the skin into a lesion to take a small sample of cells or fluid from a tumor or an organ under the skin. Test to determine whether the lesion is benign or malignant.

What to do with fine needle aspiration is the question of many patients when indicated for this procedure. This is a method of using a fine needle to poke through the skin into another subcutaneous tumor (thyroid tumor, soft tissue tumor, lymph node, breast ...) to take samples for cytological testing, in order to determine the nature of the tumor. , before the clinician decides on a patient's tumor treatment plan.
FNA cell aspiration test uses a syringe with a fine needle to insert the needle through the skin into the lesion, aspirate with negative pressure so that the cells from the ganglion tissue go into the needle, inject the collected fluid on the glass slide, fixation, staining, identification of cell morphology, arrangement of cells, background of the plate under optical microscope to diagnose the properties of lymph nodes.
FNA cell aspiration technique is indicated when diagnosing thyroid-related diseases, applied to patients:
Thyroid nodules can be palpated through examination. Thyroid nodules measuring 1cm or more are detected by ultrasound. If thyroid nodules are less than 1cm in size detected by ultrasound, FNA should only be performed when there are features suspicious of malignancy through ultrasound images.

Under the guidance of ultrasound, the doctor uses a syringe with a very fine long needle to suck out cells from the tumor and spread these cells on a glass plate to look at under a microscope. The diagnostic accuracy of FNA is up to 95% if sufficient samples are taken and an experienced pathologist is present.
The steps are as follows:
Step 1. Take specimen Reveal the lymph node location to be aspirated (patient can lie down or sit depending on the lymph node position for convenience). Disinfect the area to be aspirated with iodine alcohol. Aspiration to get samples: fix the position of the lymph node to be poked with two fingers of the left hand, the right hand holds a needle with a syringe attached through the skin to the lymph node, aspirates under negative pressure to allow the fluid to penetrate the needle lumen. Before withdrawing the needle from the lymph node, it is necessary to release negative pressure, rapidly withdrawing the needle through the skin. Can aspiration multiple sites on the lymph node (if lymph node > 1.5) or aspiration multiple nodes (need to mark the order of lymph nodes or the location of nodes aspirated on the glass slide). Re-sterilize the puncture site or bandage if necessary. Step 2. Making the slide Remove the needle from the syringe. Pull the plunger down to draw air into the pressurized syringe. Insert the needle into the syringe. Quickly inject fluid from tumors onto slides with patient codes already on them. Use another slide to spread the patient on the slides with the patient so that the specimen is spread thinly and evenly. Step 3. Plate fixation Step 4. Stain the slides Step 5. Interpret results Most FNA aspiration does not cause any problems. Usually, you may feel some pain for a few days right after this procedure. There may be bruising where the needle was inserted. Complications are rare but may include:
Bleeding. Infection . Other complications are particularly related to the puncture site. The FNA cytology test is a very useful way to detect cancer. However, this procedure needs to be performed by a skilled and experienced doctor with modern equipment to give the most accurate results.

Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the hospitals that not only ensures professional quality with a team of leading medical doctors, modern equipment and technology, but also stands out for its examination and consultation services. comprehensive and professional medical consultation and treatment; civilized, polite, safe and sterile medical examination and treatment space. Customers when choosing to perform tests here can be completely assured of the accuracy of test results.