Sulperazone contains Sulbactam and cefoperazone. Sulperazone is indicated for the treatment of respiratory tract infections, secretions, gastric ulcers, cholecystitis...
1. Mechanism of action of Sulperazone
What is Sulperazone? Sulperazone contains a synthetic antibiotic belonging to the third-generation cephalosporin group and has the effect of killing bacteria by inhibiting the synthesis of cell walls of growing and dividing bacteria. The antibiotic in Sulperazone can be used by injection and has an antibacterial effect similar to Ceftazidime. The Cefoperazone compound in Sulperazone is quite stable against beta-lactamase produced in most gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, this compound has a fairly broad spectrum of activity against gram-negative bacteria, including penicillinase-producing strains of N.gonorrhoeae and most strains of Citrobacter, Proteus, Morganella...
Cefoperazone has a weaker effect against Enterobacteriaceae than other third-generation cephalosporins. Cefoperazone compounds are often effective against bacteria resistant to other beta-lactamase antibiotics.
In addition, Sulperazone also contains Sulbactam, which belongs to a group of substances with a structure similar to beta-lactam but has weaker antibacterial activity. Therefore, single doses should not be used in clinical treatment. When Sulbactam binds to beta-lactamase, it will inactivate this enzyme and protect the beta-lactam antibiotic from being degraded. Therefore, Sulbactam should be used in combination with the penicillin group to expand the spectrum of action of penicillium against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria such as enterobacteria, E.coli, staphylococci, proteus, anaerobic bacteria, etc.
2. Indications and contraindications of Sulperazone
Sulperazone is indicated in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by sensitive bacteria, specifically:
• Upper respiratory tract infections
• Lower respiratory tract infections
• Urinary tract infections
• Peritonitis,
• Cholangitis,
• Cholecystitis and other abdominal infections,
• Sepsis,
• Meningitis,
• Skin and soft tissue infections,
• Bone and joint infections,
• Pelvic infections,
• Endometritis,
• Genital infections.
Sulperazone in general and Sulperazone injection in particular can be used in multi-therapy. Due to the broad antibacterial spectrum of the injectable drug, the two components Sulbactam and cefoperazone in Sulperazone can be used alone. However, the injectable drug can combine either of these two components with antibiotics when indicated. In case of combined use of the drug with aminoglycoside antibiotics, the patient's renal function should be monitored throughout the treatment period. In addition, Sulperazone may be contraindicated in some cases with a history of allergy to penicillin antibiotics, sulbactam, cefoperazone or any antibiotics in the cephalosporin group.
3. Dosage and how to use Sulperazone
• Sulperazone used for adults in the treatment of mild and moderate infections is often recommended to apply a dose containing Cefoperazone from 1g to 2g every 12 hours. In cases of severe infections, the dose is from 2g to 4g and is used every 12 hours.
• In children when using Sulperazone in treatment, the dose should be from 25mg to 100mg for body weight every 12 hours.
• In cases of renal failure, there is no need to reduce the dose when using.
• The dose of Sulperazone used for people with liver disease or biliary obstruction should not exceed 4 grams in 24 hours.
Note: The recommended treatment dose above is for reference only. Therefore, before using Sulperazone for treatment, the patient needs to be prescribed by a doctor.
In case the patient accidentally takes an overdose of Sulperazone compared to the prescribed dose and some signs of unwanted side effects appear, the patient should be taken to the nearest medical facility for emergency medical support to help the patient overcome the dangerous situation.
If the patient forgets to take a dose of Sulperazone, he or she can use the missed dose as soon as he or she remembers. However, if the interval between the missed dose of Sulperazone and the next dose is close, the patient can skip the missed dose and take the next dose. The patient should also note that they should not double the dose of Sulperazone, as this can cause an overdose and unwanted side effects that affect the patient's current health.
4. Unwanted side effects and some notes when using Sulperazone
Sulperazone is well tolerated when taken orally or by injection. Most of the undesirable side effects when using Sulperazone are mild and moderate. Comparative and non-comparative clinical studies conducted on 2500 patients showed side effects in some systems:
• The digestive system also has side effects and is similar to other antibiotics causing symptoms such as diarrhea with an occurrence rate of about 3.9% along with nausea and vomiting of about 0.6%.
• The skin system is similar to the penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics group, with skin allergies appearing with erythema accounting for 0.6%, and urticaria accounting for 0.8%.
• The hematopoietic system can be caused by long-term use of the drug causing reversible leukopenia, at the same time positive COOMb reactions appear in some patients, decreased hemoglobin and red blood cells, or a transient decrease in eosinophils, platelets and decreased blood prothrombin.
When using Sulperazone, caution with patients have penicillin allergies. Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported in patients taking cefoperazone and other broad-spectrum antibiotics. Reactions to Sulperazone may be similar to disulfiram reaction, in patients who drank alcohol within 27 hours.
The ingredients in Sulperazone can cross the placental barrier. However, there is not enough evidence from controlled studies in pregnant women. Therefore, in this case, the benefits and risks of the drug should be considered before use.
Interactions of Sulperazone:
• Drinking alcohol or using alcoholic beverages can inhibit the aldehyde dehydrogenase compound, causing accumulation in the nails, and causing a disulfiram-like reaction with hot flashes, sweating, headache, and rapid heartbeat.
• Aminoglycoside antibiotics should not be mixed with Sulperazone, as this will reduce the activity of the drug and there is a physical incompatibility between the mixed components.
• When using Sulperazone, caution should be exercised when combined with anticoagulants, thrombolytic drugs or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Because when combined, bleeding may occur.
• Sulperazone should not be mixed with amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin B, ... to avoid precipitation. If Sulperazone is mixed with hydrazine dihydrochloride, aminophylline, and aprotinin, ... then after 6 hours, the properties of the drug may change.
• Interactions of Sulperazone with clinical tests show that the glucose reaction in urine may be falsely positive with Benedict's or Fehling's solutions, or positive with antiglobulin tests. Sulperazone can even increase serum ALP, AST, ALT, BUN and serum creatinine.
Sulperazone contains Sulbactam and cefoperazone. Sulperazone is indicated for the treatment of respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, peritonitis, cholecystitis... To ensure effective treatment and avoid unwanted side effects, patients need to follow the instructions of specialized doctors and pharmacists.
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