Article by MSc, MD. Mai Viễn Phương – Gastroenterology Endoscopy Specialist – Department of General and Internal Medicine – Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital. The muscles and joints in the hand allow humans to perform powerful, precise, and dexterous movements, but they are also vulnerable to injuries. There are many causes of pain in the left or right hand, such as inflammation, nerve damage, injury, fractures, etc. Depending on the cause of the hand pain, doctors will prescribe appropriate treatment methods.