This article was professionally consulted by Dr. Nguyen Thi Hong On, MSc. at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Phu Quoc International General Hospital.
Calcium is a vital mineral that plays a crucial role in the development of the body's musculoskeletal system. However, pregnant women often lack adequate calcium. So, when should pregnant women start supplementing calcium?
1. Why is Calcium Supplementation Necessary for Pregnant Women?
During pregnancy, calcium compounds in the bones are broken down and released into the bloodstream to meet the needs of the fetus. However, this mechanism has its limits. If a mother is deficient in calcium and does not supplement it adequately, the fetus may suffer from various issues, including:
- Congenital rickets, slow growth, and bone deformities.
- Wheezing in children.
Calcium deficiency not only harms the fetus but also directly impacts the mother’s health, leading to symptoms such as numbness, fatigue, insomnia, and cramps… Insufficient calcium during breastfeeding can weaken the child’s health, causing excessive sweating, back pain, and joint pain. Calcium absorption issues may develop after multiple pregnancies, increasing the risk of osteoporosis in premenopausal women.
2. When Should Pregnant Women Supplement Calcium?
The calcium requirements for pregnant women increase at different stages of pregnancy. During the first three months, the mother needs 800mg of calcium; in the second trimester, that increases to 1,000mg; and in the last three months, it rises to 1,500mg.
The final trimester is critical for calcium intake since the fetus undergoes rapid development. If the mother does not consume enough calcium, the fetus will extract it from the mother’s bones to support bone and skull formation. Therefore, it is advisable for mothers to start calcium supplementation around the fourth month of pregnancy to ensure adequate nutrient supply for both mother and baby.
While calcium supplementation is essential, it is important not to take any medication without guidance. Excess calcium that the body cannot absorb may lead to increased pressure on the stomach and urinary system. Too much calcium can also negatively affect both the fetus and the mother's health.
To determine the appropriate amount of calcium to consume, expectant mothers should consult a healthcare professional for medical examination and blood tests. This will help the doctor prescribe the right supplementation method and dosage.
3. What Should Pregnant Women Consider When Taking Calcium?
Pregnant women should undergo tests to assess their calcium needs. Based on the results, specialists will provide tailored prescriptions. It is essential to adhere to the prescribed dosage and not self-medicate to avoid negative health effects. Incorrect dosages can lead to calcium deficiency or excess.
Here are some additional recommendations for maximizing calcium absorption:
- Supplementing with vitamin C can enhance calcium absorption.
- Avoid taking iron and calcium simultaneously; these should be spaced at least two hours apart for optimal absorption.
- Calcium should be taken in the morning, about one hour after eating, to ensure better absorption.
- Pregnant women with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, or other health issues should follow their doctor’s guidance for safe and effective calcium intake.
- In addition to supplementation, incorporating calcium-rich foods into daily meals is a safe and effective way to meet calcium needs.
- Regular prenatal check-ups at reputable medical centers are vital for monitoring both fetal and maternal health, ensuring effective interventions as needed.
- Calcium needs fluctuate throughout pregnancy, but the fourth month is particularly important for supplementation to support the health of both mother and child. It is crucial to follow the correct dosage and advice from nutrition specialists to avoid calcium deficiency or excess.
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