Chloramphenicol 250mg is used to treat severe bacterial infections caused by sensitive bacteria. To use the medication effectively, patients should learn some information about its uses, dosage, and important precautions when using Chloramphenicol 250mg, as outlined in the following article.
1. What is Chloramphenicol 250mg?
Chloramphenicol 250mg is used to treat various severe infections caused by sensitive bacteria, Rickettsia, and Chlamydia when less toxic medications are ineffective or contraindicated.
The medication is available in the form of hard capsules, with packaging consisting of 10 blisters, each containing 10 capsules. This is a prescription medication, so patients should only use Chloramphenicol 250mg when prescribed by a doctor.
2. Dosage of Chloramphenicol 250mg
- Adults: The recommended dose is 1 - 2 grams per day, divided into 4 doses.
- Children: The recommended dose is 50mg/kg/day, divided into 4 doses.
The dosage of Chloramphenicol 250mg provided above is for reference purposes only. The actual dosage should be determined based on the patient's condition and the progression of the disease. To ensure the correct dosage, patients should consult with their doctor or pharmacist.
3. Contraindications for Chloramphenicol 250mg
Chloramphenicol 250mg should not be used in the following cases:
- Patients allergic to Chloramphenicol;
- Chloramphenicol 250mg is contraindicated for treating common infections or for prophylactic use.
The contraindication is absolute, meaning there are no circumstances under which it is acceptable to use Chloramphenicol 250mg.
4. Precautions when using Chloramphenicol 250mg
While using Chloramphenicol 250mg, patients should be aware of the following:
- Serious, sometimes fatal, reactions may occur in patients using Chloramphenicol 250mg;
- If there is a reduction in reticulocyte count, white blood cells, platelets, anemia, or other blood abnormalities, Chloramphenicol 250mg should be discontinued immediately;
- Discontinue Chloramphenicol 250mg if optic neuritis or peripheral neuropathy occurs;
- Use Chloramphenicol 250mg with caution in patients with impaired kidney or liver function.
5. Adverse effects of Chloramphenicol 250mg
During the use of Chloramphenicol 250mg, patients may experience the following side effects:
- Common side effects: Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, and rashes;
- Less common side effects: Decreased granulocytes/platelets, anemia, urticaria, hypersensitivity reactions;
- Rare side effects: Headaches, non-regenerative anemia, agranulocytosis, optic neuritis, peripheral neuropathy, gray baby syndrome.
If any unusual symptoms are noticed during treatment, the patient should immediately inform the treating physician for appropriate management.
6. Medication interactions
Chloramphenicol 250mg may interact with the following medications:
- Chloramphenicol 250mg inhibits the Cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver, which are responsible for the metabolism of many medications;
- Chloramphenicol 250mg may affect the metabolism of Dicumarol, Phenytoin, and Tolbutamide by inhibiting microsomal enzyme activity, thereby increasing the effects of these medications;
- Simultaneous use of Chloramphenicol 250mg and Phenobarbital may decrease antibiotic levels in the blood because Phenobarbital induces P450 enzymes, which can degrade Chloramphenicol;
- Chloramphenicol 250mg may slow responses when used with iron supplements, Vitamin B12, or Folic acid;
- Co-administration with Rifampicin can decrease the concentration of Chloramphenicol in the blood;
- Avoid using Chloramphenicol 250mg with medications that cause bone marrow suppression.
To avoid any unwanted interactions while using Chloramphenicol 250mg, patients should inform their doctor or pharmacist about all the medications, supplements, and vitamins they are currently taking.
The information above outlines the indications, dosage, and precautions for using Chloramphenicol 250mg. To ensure safety and maximize therapeutic effects, patients should use Chloramphenicol 250mg as directed by their doctor.
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