1. What is Hitop 100mg?
Hitop 100mg is a prescription medication, belonging to the group of neuroleptic medications. Its active ingredient is Topiramate, and it contains the following excipients:
- Tablettose 80 Mesh
- Avicel pH 102
- Pregelatinized starch
- Sodium starch glycolate
- Talcum powder
- Titanium dioxide
- Color Orange Red
2. Uses of Hitop 100mg
Topiramate, the active ingredient in Hitop 100mg, possesses anti-epileptic properties and is classified as a monosaccharide substituted with a sulfamide group. It works through the following mechanisms:
- Topiramate blocks action potentials by prolonging the depolarization of neurons, leading to a drug-dependent sodium channel blocking effect.
- It enhances the activity of GABA at certain GABA receptors.
- It weakly inhibits the stimulating effects of the KAINI/AMPA subtype of the glutamate receptor.
Additionally, Topiramate may inhibit some isozymes of carbonic anhydrase.
Hitop 100mg is indicated for adults and children over 4 years of age who suffer from:
- Partial onset epilepsy, with or without secondary generalized seizures
- Epilepsy associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
- Generalized onset epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures
- Epilepsy that does not respond well to first-line antiepileptic therapy
Hitop 100mg should not be used by individuals who are hypersensitive or allergic to any of its components.
3. Dosage - How to Use Hitop 100mg
Hitop 100mg is administered orally as directed by a healthcare provider. Treatment typically begins with a low dose that is gradually increased to the target dose.
The medication may be taken at any time, following the medical staff's instructions.
3.1. Dosage for Adults
Treatment initiation involves a low dose of 25-50 mg every night/week, with adjustments made weekly to increase the dose by 25-50 mg, taken twice a day. The dosage may be adjusted to achieve good seizure control.
The total daily dose usually ranges from 200-400 mg, taken twice a day, with a maximum daily dosage not exceeding 800 mg.
3.2. Dosage for Children Over 4 Years Old
For children older than 4, the recommended dosage is 5-9 mg/kg of body weight, administered twice daily. The initial dose may start at 25 mg/day every night, which may be increased weekly or bi-weekly by 1-3 mg/kg of body weight/day, split into two doses, until effective seizure control is achieved.
4. Precautions When Using Hitop 100mg
It is crucial to taper off the dose of Hitop 100mg to reduce the frequency of epileptic seizures. Some trials suggest a gradual reduction to 100 mg/day over a week. In patients with moderate to severe renal impairment, stability in medication concentration may take 10-15 days, compared to 4-8 days in individuals with normal renal function.
While adjusting doses for optimal seizure control, be cautious of potential side effects, including the risk of developing kidney stones.
Care should also be taken in patients with liver dysfunction, as the clearance of Topiramate may be compromised.
Further cautions include the possibilities of:
- Metabolic acidosis
- Reduced sweating and increased body temperature
- Psychiatric disorders
- Suicidal thoughts and behaviors
These warnings aim to prevent side effects and risks associated with Hitop 100mg.
5. Side Effects of Hitop 100mg
Hitop 100mg may lead to unpredictable side effects. Some side effects highlighted by the manufacturer include:
- Drowsiness
- Fatigue
- Tension
- Slowed psychomotor function
- Dizziness
- Loss of appetite and weight reduction
- Difficulty concentrating
Less common side effects may include agitation, emotional disturbances, mental disorders, depression, and hallucinations. In children, the most frequently reported side effects are drowsiness, loss of appetite, and changes in concentration.
The frequency and severity of side effects may vary among individuals. It is essential to monitor any adverse effects and consult a healthcare professional for guidance.
6. Interactions with Other Medications
Hitop 100mg may interact with various medications, including:
- Medications with similar effects to Topiramate
- Contraceptives
- Digoxin, Hydrochlorothiazide, Metformin, Glyburide
- Antidepressants and alcohol
Due to the complexity of potential medication interactions, be cautious when combining Hitop 100mg with other medications.
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